The Influence of Anticodon–Codon Interactions and Modified Bases
... in codon frequencies in highly expressed genes in most bacteria. By comparing codon frequencies in high and lowexpression genes, we determine which codons are preferred for each amino acid in a large sample of bacterial genomes. We relate this to the number of copies of each tRNA gene in each genome ...
... in codon frequencies in highly expressed genes in most bacteria. By comparing codon frequencies in high and lowexpression genes, we determine which codons are preferred for each amino acid in a large sample of bacterial genomes. We relate this to the number of copies of each tRNA gene in each genome ...
Rfam Documentation
... Our seed alignments are small, curated sets of representative sequences for each family, as opposed to an alignment of all known members. The seed alignment also has as a secondary structure annotation, which represents the conserved secondary structure for these sequences. The ideal basis for a new ...
... Our seed alignments are small, curated sets of representative sequences for each family, as opposed to an alignment of all known members. The seed alignment also has as a secondary structure annotation, which represents the conserved secondary structure for these sequences. The ideal basis for a new ...
Computational Identification of Plant MicroRNAs and
... miRNA), and the length of the hairpin (at least 60 nucleotides inclusive of the putative miRNA and miRNA*). In contrast to the algorithms designed to identify metazoan miRNAs, MIRcheck has no requirements pertaining to the pattern or extent of base pairing in other parts of the predicted secondary s ...
... miRNA), and the length of the hairpin (at least 60 nucleotides inclusive of the putative miRNA and miRNA*). In contrast to the algorithms designed to identify metazoan miRNAs, MIRcheck has no requirements pertaining to the pattern or extent of base pairing in other parts of the predicted secondary s ...
Real-time PCR Handbook
... 1.1 Introduction The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most powerful technologies in molecular biology. Using PCR, specific sequences within a DNA or cDNA template can be copied, or “amplified”, many thousand- to a million-fold using sequence specific oligonucleotides, heat stable DNA po ...
... 1.1 Introduction The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most powerful technologies in molecular biology. Using PCR, specific sequences within a DNA or cDNA template can be copied, or “amplified”, many thousand- to a million-fold using sequence specific oligonucleotides, heat stable DNA po ...
"RNA Interference in Caenorhabditis elegans".
... one might detect suppression or enhancement of phenotypes in mutant strains. In C. elegans, RNAi can be induced by delivering dsRNA by microinjection (see Basic Protocol 1 and Alternate Protocol 1), feeding (see Basic Protocols 2, 3, and 4 and Alternate Protocol 2), or soaking (see Basic Protocol 5) ...
... one might detect suppression or enhancement of phenotypes in mutant strains. In C. elegans, RNAi can be induced by delivering dsRNA by microinjection (see Basic Protocol 1 and Alternate Protocol 1), feeding (see Basic Protocols 2, 3, and 4 and Alternate Protocol 2), or soaking (see Basic Protocol 5) ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document: PROGRAMMED
... The process of translating messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein is fundamental in the cell, but it certainly isn’t simple. After genes are transcribed into mRNAs, the ribosome is responsible for converting the information contained in nucleotide sequences to amino acids to form proteins. Ribosomes are th ...
... The process of translating messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein is fundamental in the cell, but it certainly isn’t simple. After genes are transcribed into mRNAs, the ribosome is responsible for converting the information contained in nucleotide sequences to amino acids to form proteins. Ribosomes are th ...
Unconventional initiator tRNAs sustain Escherichia coli
... P-site of the ribosome directly. In contrast, elongator tRNAs first bind the A-site of the ribosome and then get translocated to the P-site. Two special features that have evolved to promote initiator tRNA binding to the P-site in eubacteria are (i) formylation of the methionine amino acid that it ca ...
... P-site of the ribosome directly. In contrast, elongator tRNAs first bind the A-site of the ribosome and then get translocated to the P-site. Two special features that have evolved to promote initiator tRNA binding to the P-site in eubacteria are (i) formylation of the methionine amino acid that it ca ...
Analysis of the Molecular Basis of Flowering Time Variation in
... major determinant of vernalization requirement and flowering time variation (Napp-Zinn, 1985; Burn et al., 1993; Lee et al., 1993; Clarke and Dean, 1994). FRI functions to increase RNA levels of the floral repressor FLC (FLOWERING LOCUS C), which represses the expression of genes required for the tr ...
... major determinant of vernalization requirement and flowering time variation (Napp-Zinn, 1985; Burn et al., 1993; Lee et al., 1993; Clarke and Dean, 1994). FRI functions to increase RNA levels of the floral repressor FLC (FLOWERING LOCUS C), which represses the expression of genes required for the tr ...
Alternatively Spliced Genes
... (a) Sequences and secondary structures of spliceosomal snRNAs: U1, U2, U4/6 (for the U2 type), and U11, U12, U4atac/U6atac snRNA (for the U12 type) as well as U5snRNAs (for both classes). The 5 to 3 orientation of U4 and U4atac is from right to left, and that of U1, U11, U2, U12, and U5snRNAs is f ...
... (a) Sequences and secondary structures of spliceosomal snRNAs: U1, U2, U4/6 (for the U2 type), and U11, U12, U4atac/U6atac snRNA (for the U12 type) as well as U5snRNAs (for both classes). The 5 to 3 orientation of U4 and U4atac is from right to left, and that of U1, U11, U2, U12, and U5snRNAs is f ...
Genetic Codes with No Dedicated Stop Codon: Context
... source: https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.84794 | downloaded: 18.6.2017 ...
... source: https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.84794 | downloaded: 18.6.2017 ...
Chromosomal translocations deregulated BCL6
... transcripts could encode a normal full-length BCL6 protein whose translation would be initiated from its normal initiation codon (50 nucleotides 3' to the IgH-BCL6 junction in exon 3). In summary, our analysis of the 5' terminus of BCL6 RNA indicated that in all three NHL cases the der(3) chromosome ...
... transcripts could encode a normal full-length BCL6 protein whose translation would be initiated from its normal initiation codon (50 nucleotides 3' to the IgH-BCL6 junction in exon 3). In summary, our analysis of the 5' terminus of BCL6 RNA indicated that in all three NHL cases the der(3) chromosome ...
Codon usage bias from tRNA`s point of view
... The horizontal dashed line indicates the expected value if there was no change in G+C anticodon composition with genome G+C content. The linear regression of the observed data is shown as a solid black line (it has an R2 of 0.50 and a slope of 0.26, significantly different from 1 and 0, P < 0.001). ...
... The horizontal dashed line indicates the expected value if there was no change in G+C anticodon composition with genome G+C content. The linear regression of the observed data is shown as a solid black line (it has an R2 of 0.50 and a slope of 0.26, significantly different from 1 and 0, P < 0.001). ...
Primer on Molecular Biology
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
Primer on Molecular Biology
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
UCSD_PevznerMolecula.. - Purdue University :: Computer Science
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA. ...
Puffs and PCR: the in vivo dynamics of early gene
... The RNA preparation is derived from the method of Richards et al. (1983). Tubes were allowed to thaw on ice and then vortexed vigorously, which was as effective for the extraction of RNA as conventional grinding, and reduced variability resulting from debris sticking to the piston (data not shown). ...
... The RNA preparation is derived from the method of Richards et al. (1983). Tubes were allowed to thaw on ice and then vortexed vigorously, which was as effective for the extraction of RNA as conventional grinding, and reduced variability resulting from debris sticking to the piston (data not shown). ...
The enhancement of ribosomal transcription by the recycling of RNA
... sequences lying downstream of the 28S gene, (7,8). The transcription is eventually terminated just 213 b.p. upstream of the pre-rRNA promoter for the following gene unit in the tandem gene array, site "T" in fig. 1, i.e. the same site at which the Spacer Promoter transcripts are terminated. Thus the ...
... sequences lying downstream of the 28S gene, (7,8). The transcription is eventually terminated just 213 b.p. upstream of the pre-rRNA promoter for the following gene unit in the tandem gene array, site "T" in fig. 1, i.e. the same site at which the Spacer Promoter transcripts are terminated. Thus the ...
Syntabulin, a motor protein linker, controls dorsal
... disorganized vegetal microtubule array formation, and subsequently displays ventralization (Mei et al., 2009). Furthermore, a ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif-containing 36 (trim36), is localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes, and when depleted causes defective vegetal microtubule array ...
... disorganized vegetal microtubule array formation, and subsequently displays ventralization (Mei et al., 2009). Furthermore, a ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif-containing 36 (trim36), is localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes, and when depleted causes defective vegetal microtubule array ...
Respiratory terminal oxidases in the facultative chemoheterotrophic
... is one of the few heterocyst-forming facultatively chemoheterotrophic cyanobacteria amenable to genetic manipulation. Using PCR with degenerate primers, we found four gene loci for respiratory terminal oxidases, three of which code for putative cytochrome c oxidases and one whose genes are homologou ...
... is one of the few heterocyst-forming facultatively chemoheterotrophic cyanobacteria amenable to genetic manipulation. Using PCR with degenerate primers, we found four gene loci for respiratory terminal oxidases, three of which code for putative cytochrome c oxidases and one whose genes are homologou ...
DNA
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA • a bacteria contains about 600,000 DNA base pairs • human and mouse genomes have some 3 billion ...
... More Terminology • The genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA • a bacteria contains about 600,000 DNA base pairs • human and mouse genomes have some 3 billion ...
Horizontal gene transfer from flowering plants to Gnetum
... start of group II introns (Tables 3 and 4 and Figs. 1 and 6). Angiosperm-type nad1 exons found in Gnetum share five nucleotide substitutions with angiosperms that are not found in other seed plants. They are also characterized by a fournucleotide (GATA) insertion that makes exon b nonfunctional (Fig ...
... start of group II introns (Tables 3 and 4 and Figs. 1 and 6). Angiosperm-type nad1 exons found in Gnetum share five nucleotide substitutions with angiosperms that are not found in other seed plants. They are also characterized by a fournucleotide (GATA) insertion that makes exon b nonfunctional (Fig ...
Causes that Make a Difference - Philsci
... generalizations that hold over as wide a range of conditions as possible. Indeed, many philosophers of science claim that physical scientists seek causal generalizations which hold over all possible conditions. There is an active debate concerning whether such universality is an appropriate ideal fo ...
... generalizations that hold over as wide a range of conditions as possible. Indeed, many philosophers of science claim that physical scientists seek causal generalizations which hold over all possible conditions. There is an active debate concerning whether such universality is an appropriate ideal fo ...
Structural Energetics of a RNA-DNA Hybrid
... angle of 30, and helical rise of 3.7 Å). Structures of the three forms are shown in Figure 1.1.3. RNA can adopt a greater variety of structures, including hairpin loops, bulges, internal loops, and single strands. Double-stranded RNA is typically in the Aform. The properties of nucleic acids play ...
... angle of 30, and helical rise of 3.7 Å). Structures of the three forms are shown in Figure 1.1.3. RNA can adopt a greater variety of structures, including hairpin loops, bulges, internal loops, and single strands. Double-stranded RNA is typically in the Aform. The properties of nucleic acids play ...
... that the Kcnq1 promoter is exceptionally strong and that as tissue-specific factors become expressed and bind to it, the silencing effect of Kcnq1ot1 is overcome. Alternatively, tissue-specific enhancers that become active may override the effects of ncRNAs. An additional possibility is that boundar ...