Genetic code redundancy and its influence on the encoded
... The transfer of genetic information into protein products is termed translation (Figure 1; for detailed reviews on the mechanisms of translation, please see [1-3]). Messenger RNA (mRNA), transcribed from DNA, is translated into protein by a template driven process. The template is composed of a spec ...
... The transfer of genetic information into protein products is termed translation (Figure 1; for detailed reviews on the mechanisms of translation, please see [1-3]). Messenger RNA (mRNA), transcribed from DNA, is translated into protein by a template driven process. The template is composed of a spec ...
Unexpected Complexity of Poly(A)-Binding Protein Gene Families in
... Manuscript received August 16, 2002 Accepted for publication October 9, 2002 ABSTRACT Eukaryotic poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) is a ubiquitous, essential factor involved in mRNA biogenesis, translation, and turnover. Most eukaryotes examined have only one or a few PABPs. In contrast, eight expresse ...
... Manuscript received August 16, 2002 Accepted for publication October 9, 2002 ABSTRACT Eukaryotic poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) is a ubiquitous, essential factor involved in mRNA biogenesis, translation, and turnover. Most eukaryotes examined have only one or a few PABPs. In contrast, eight expresse ...
Choosing the Right Centrifuge for Your - Laboratory
... chance that your needs have changed since the last time you purchased a centrifuge. For example, space may now be tighter, or the activity level of the laboratory may have increased substantially and there are now many more users. Perhaps you want to try a new protocol that you learned about at a re ...
... chance that your needs have changed since the last time you purchased a centrifuge. For example, space may now be tighter, or the activity level of the laboratory may have increased substantially and there are now many more users. Perhaps you want to try a new protocol that you learned about at a re ...
MICROBIAL GENETICS-III UGc - E
... helically around each other, with the sugar-phosphate chain on the outside (forming ribbon like back bone of double helix) and purines and pyrimidines on the inside of the helix. The two polynucleotide strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of purines and pyrimidines. Th ...
... helically around each other, with the sugar-phosphate chain on the outside (forming ribbon like back bone of double helix) and purines and pyrimidines on the inside of the helix. The two polynucleotide strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of purines and pyrimidines. Th ...
A global picture of tRNA genes in plant genomes
... flowering plants. The only exceptions are tRNAGly–snoRNA and tRNAMete–snoRNA cotranscripts in dicots and monocots, respectively. The internal or external motifs required for efficient transcription of tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III are well conserved among angiosperms. A brief analysis of the mito ...
... flowering plants. The only exceptions are tRNAGly–snoRNA and tRNAMete–snoRNA cotranscripts in dicots and monocots, respectively. The internal or external motifs required for efficient transcription of tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III are well conserved among angiosperms. A brief analysis of the mito ...
PDF
... observations indicate that at least some functional regions in introns are likely to be under the influence of natural selection in plants in general. Selective constraint (also known as functional or evolutionary constraint) is defined here as the factor by which evolutionary divergence of a functi ...
... observations indicate that at least some functional regions in introns are likely to be under the influence of natural selection in plants in general. Selective constraint (also known as functional or evolutionary constraint) is defined here as the factor by which evolutionary divergence of a functi ...
Compaction of Duplex Nucleic Acids upon Native
... gradually during the experiment. Consta and co-workers40 modeled the desolvation process of duplex dA11•dT11 at atomistic level in a water droplet containing Na+ and Cl-, and found that the duplex collapses inside the droplet when the Na+ cations are numerous enough to interact with the phosphates a ...
... gradually during the experiment. Consta and co-workers40 modeled the desolvation process of duplex dA11•dT11 at atomistic level in a water droplet containing Na+ and Cl-, and found that the duplex collapses inside the droplet when the Na+ cations are numerous enough to interact with the phosphates a ...
A Plastid in the Making: Evidence for a Second
... when a photosynthetic bacterium (a cyanobacterium) was taken up by a colorless host cell, probably more than a billion years ago, and transformed into a photosynthetic organelle (a plastid) during a process known as primary endosymbiosis. Here, we use sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses o ...
... when a photosynthetic bacterium (a cyanobacterium) was taken up by a colorless host cell, probably more than a billion years ago, and transformed into a photosynthetic organelle (a plastid) during a process known as primary endosymbiosis. Here, we use sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses o ...
Novel mutants of 23S RNA: characterization of
... ptBsB1067U were inhibited 82% (Table I). Drug resistance on double mutant ribosomes U1067/C2505 and U1067/C2583 was in both strains dependent on Mg 2+ concentration: at 25 mM the resistance was nearly 2 times higher than at 10 mM (Table I)It is clear from table I that in all cases the resistance to ...
... ptBsB1067U were inhibited 82% (Table I). Drug resistance on double mutant ribosomes U1067/C2505 and U1067/C2583 was in both strains dependent on Mg 2+ concentration: at 25 mM the resistance was nearly 2 times higher than at 10 mM (Table I)It is clear from table I that in all cases the resistance to ...
A new heavy lanthanide-dependent DNAzyme
... at a designated position. In vitro DNAzyme selection provides a powerful tool to achieve this goal (18–23), and a number of metal-dependent DNAzymes have been isolated. In this work, selections were separately carried out using three different Ln3+ to increase sequence diversity. The design of our l ...
... at a designated position. In vitro DNAzyme selection provides a powerful tool to achieve this goal (18–23), and a number of metal-dependent DNAzymes have been isolated. In this work, selections were separately carried out using three different Ln3+ to increase sequence diversity. The design of our l ...
The Mobile Genetic Element Alu in the Human Genome
... mutations. The sequence DNA-toRNA-to-protein represented for many years the central dogma relating gene structure and function. Recently, the field of molecular genetics has provided revolutionary information on the dynamic role of repetitive elements in the function of the genetic material and the ...
... mutations. The sequence DNA-toRNA-to-protein represented for many years the central dogma relating gene structure and function. Recently, the field of molecular genetics has provided revolutionary information on the dynamic role of repetitive elements in the function of the genetic material and the ...
and GvpD-mediated transcription regulation of the p
... 1996). The functions of most of the Gvp proteins encoded by p-gvpFGHIJKLM have not yet been determined, but they are required for gas-vesicle formation, presumably as accessory or minor structural gas-vesicle proteins (Offner et al., 2000). ...
... 1996). The functions of most of the Gvp proteins encoded by p-gvpFGHIJKLM have not yet been determined, but they are required for gas-vesicle formation, presumably as accessory or minor structural gas-vesicle proteins (Offner et al., 2000). ...
NOCARDIA sp. INDONESIAN VOLCANIC SOIL DESAK GEDE SRI ANDAYANI , ELIN YULINAH SUKANDAR
... Microorganisms that grow in extreme environments such as volcanic area have way of self-defense in order to survive its life. Nocardia sp. is one genus of this group which can find in volcanic soil will appear to be the most promising source of the future antibiotics. Ways in which microorganisms am ...
... Microorganisms that grow in extreme environments such as volcanic area have way of self-defense in order to survive its life. Nocardia sp. is one genus of this group which can find in volcanic soil will appear to be the most promising source of the future antibiotics. Ways in which microorganisms am ...
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming
... Phylogenetic analyses. All of the sequences determined in this work were compared with group I introns downloaded from GenBank [http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]. Sequences were aligned using the default parameters implemented in Muscle 3.6 [13] and then adjusted with BioEdit 7.0 [20]. For constructing ...
... Phylogenetic analyses. All of the sequences determined in this work were compared with group I introns downloaded from GenBank [http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]. Sequences were aligned using the default parameters implemented in Muscle 3.6 [13] and then adjusted with BioEdit 7.0 [20]. For constructing ...
BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE
... was analyzed (data not shown). The recombination event were identified among analyzed sequences. The analysis revealed that isolates China 2 and China 17 (AJ51590 and AJ515911, respectively) are recombinants probably between Korean and Australian isolates (Korea 1 and Australia 3). The predicted rec ...
... was analyzed (data not shown). The recombination event were identified among analyzed sequences. The analysis revealed that isolates China 2 and China 17 (AJ51590 and AJ515911, respectively) are recombinants probably between Korean and Australian isolates (Korea 1 and Australia 3). The predicted rec ...
Price, DK, Zhang, F, Ashley, CT and Warren, ST: The chicken FMR1 gene is highly conserved containing a CTT 5\' untranslated repeat and encodes an RNA-binding protein. Genomics 31:3-12 (1996).
... this type of mutation, fragile X syndrome, is the most frequent inherited form of mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome segregates as an X-linked dominant disorder with reduced penetrance and has been mapped to the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene located at human Xq27.3 (Warren and Ashley, ...
... this type of mutation, fragile X syndrome, is the most frequent inherited form of mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome segregates as an X-linked dominant disorder with reduced penetrance and has been mapped to the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene located at human Xq27.3 (Warren and Ashley, ...
Discovering the Distribution of Palindromic Sequences in the
... deletion mutation. This process was repeated for different conspicuous peaks (multiple trials whose average value were recorded). Using the x-axis (increments of 10 occurrences) as a scale, pixel differences were measured which were used to compare and measure each pixel shift between peaks. By usin ...
... deletion mutation. This process was repeated for different conspicuous peaks (multiple trials whose average value were recorded). Using the x-axis (increments of 10 occurrences) as a scale, pixel differences were measured which were used to compare and measure each pixel shift between peaks. By usin ...
cbb752-mg-spr10-bioinfo-intro
... information associated with these molecules, on a large-scale. • Bioinformatics is a practical discipline with many applications. ...
... information associated with these molecules, on a large-scale. • Bioinformatics is a practical discipline with many applications. ...
Epigenetic inheritance of acquired traits through sperm RNAs and
... Acquisitive sperm — information flow The production of functional sperm begins with spermatogenesis in the testis, which is followed by matur ation in the epididymis; each stage involves complex Box 2 | Transvection and paramutation in mice Transvection occurs during chromosome pairing such as dur ...
... Acquisitive sperm — information flow The production of functional sperm begins with spermatogenesis in the testis, which is followed by matur ation in the epididymis; each stage involves complex Box 2 | Transvection and paramutation in mice Transvection occurs during chromosome pairing such as dur ...
Full wwPDB X-ray Structure Validation Report i
... The second graphic shows the sequence view annotated by issues in geometry and electron density. Residues are color-coded according to the number of geometric quality criteria for which they contain at least one outlier: green = 0, yellow = 1, orange = 2 and red = 3 or more. A red dot above a residu ...
... The second graphic shows the sequence view annotated by issues in geometry and electron density. Residues are color-coded according to the number of geometric quality criteria for which they contain at least one outlier: green = 0, yellow = 1, orange = 2 and red = 3 or more. A red dot above a residu ...
Chapter 14
... Lysogeny and the Lytic Cycle? • The delayed early stage when both Cro and repressor are being expressed is common to lysogeny and the lytic cycle. • The critical event is whether cII causes sufficient synthesis of repressor to overcome the action of Cro. ...
... Lysogeny and the Lytic Cycle? • The delayed early stage when both Cro and repressor are being expressed is common to lysogeny and the lytic cycle. • The critical event is whether cII causes sufficient synthesis of repressor to overcome the action of Cro. ...
Acanthamoeba mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences: inferred
... (mT1-5 and mT7-12). Also, the large group designated T4 in Rns sequencing and containing nearly all Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) isolates was strongly supported in the current study. Seven groups within mT4 included strains with identical mitochondrial sequences. In three cases, Rns sequences from th ...
... (mT1-5 and mT7-12). Also, the large group designated T4 in Rns sequencing and containing nearly all Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) isolates was strongly supported in the current study. Seven groups within mT4 included strains with identical mitochondrial sequences. In three cases, Rns sequences from th ...
Gene Expression
... Pairing of complementary bases is the key to the transfer of information from DNA to RNA and from RNA to protein Polarities of DNA, RNA, and polypeptides help guide the mechanisms of gene expression Gene expression requires input of energy and participation of specific proteins and macromolecular as ...
... Pairing of complementary bases is the key to the transfer of information from DNA to RNA and from RNA to protein Polarities of DNA, RNA, and polypeptides help guide the mechanisms of gene expression Gene expression requires input of energy and participation of specific proteins and macromolecular as ...
Structural organization of the transfer RNA gene clusters of cholera
... phage φ 149 genome. The results presented here show that the tRNA genes are contained in two HindIII fragments, 11 and 3·4 kb in length. These two fragments do not bear any sequence homology and the smallest fragment alone carried the genes for tRNAs specific for nine different amino acids. Secondly ...
... phage φ 149 genome. The results presented here show that the tRNA genes are contained in two HindIII fragments, 11 and 3·4 kb in length. These two fragments do not bear any sequence homology and the smallest fragment alone carried the genes for tRNAs specific for nine different amino acids. Secondly ...