* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Regents Biology - Baldwinsville Central School District
Subventricular zone wikipedia , lookup
Dual consciousness wikipedia , lookup
Nonsynaptic plasticity wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychology wikipedia , lookup
Feature detection (nervous system) wikipedia , lookup
Multielectrode array wikipedia , lookup
Haemodynamic response wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Holonomic brain theory wikipedia , lookup
Microneurography wikipedia , lookup
Psychoneuroimmunology wikipedia , lookup
Clinical neurochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Node of Ranvier wikipedia , lookup
Single-unit recording wikipedia , lookup
Neural engineering wikipedia , lookup
Synaptic gating wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Channelrhodopsin wikipedia , lookup
Metastability in the brain wikipedia , lookup
Chemical synapse wikipedia , lookup
Biological neuron model wikipedia , lookup
Molecular neuroscience wikipedia , lookup
Development of the nervous system wikipedia , lookup
Neurotransmitter wikipedia , lookup
Synaptogenesis wikipedia , lookup
Nervous system network models wikipedia , lookup
Neuroregeneration wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychopharmacology wikipedia , lookup
Why do animals need a nervous system? Because the world is always coming at you! Take in information Regulation Remember… Poor thinkbunny! about the bunny… Regents Biology 2003-2004 Nervous System Central nervous system cerebrum cerebellum spinal cord CNS brain & spinal chord Peripheral nervous system nerves from senses Take in info from environment nerves to muscles cervical nerves thoracic nerves lumbar nerves femoral nerve sciatic nerve Allow for response tibial nerve Regents Biology 2003-2004 Nervous cells Neuron signal direction a nerve cell dendrites cell body nucleus axon Regents Biology signal direction ONE WAY terminal branches synapse (space) 2003-2004 Fun facts about neurons Most specialized cell in animals Longest cell blue whale neuron 10-30 meters giraffe axon 5 meters human neuron 1-2 meters Nervous system allows for 1Regents millisecond Biologyresponse time 2003-2004 Myelin coating - lipid signal direction Axon coated with insulation made of myelin cells speeds signal signal hops from node to node 330 mph vs. 11 mph Multiple Sclerosis immune system (T cells) attacks myelin coating loss of signal Regents Biology 2003-2004 Synapse Junction between nerve cells 1st cell releases chemical to trigger next cell – neurotransmitters proteins – remember 3-D shape?? where drugs affect nervous system synapse Drugs – 1. block receptor sites on receiving neuron 2. Bind with neurotransmitter to change shape 3. Prevent release of neurotransmitter Regents Biology 2003-2004 axon vessicle synapse dendrite channel protein Regents Biology myelin terminal branch protein exocytosis (active transport) Mitochondia – R – provide ATP 2003-2004 3 Types of neurons sensory neuron (from senses) receive stimulus interneuron (CNS -brain & spinal chord) Regents Biology motor neuron (to effector – muscle/gland) produces response 2003-2004 Human brain Regents Biology 2003-2004 Primitive brain The “lower brain” medulla oblongata basic body functions breathing, heart, digestion, swallowing, vomiting homeostasis cerebellum coordination of movement and balance Regents Biology 2003-2004 Higher brain Cerebrum 2 hemispheres left = right side of body right = left side of body Corpus callosum connection between 2 hemispheres Regents Biology 2003-2004 Division of Brain Function Left hemisphere “logic side” language, math, logic operations, vision & hearing details fine motor control Right hemisphere “creative side” pattern recognition, spatial relationships, non-verbal ideas, emotions, multi-tasking Regents Biology 2003-2004 Simplest Nerve Circuit – Reflex Arc Reflex, or automatic response signal only goes to spinal cord - FASTER advantage essential actions don’t need to think or make decisions about (automated) blinking balance pupil dilation startle – “fight or flight” Regents Biology 2003-2004 Reflex ARC AP Biology 2003-2004