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Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ Biology Study Guide Directions: Label the diagram below with the following choices: Nucleotide Deoxyribose Phosphate group Base pair Hydrogen bond Nitrogenous base 1. ____________________ 6. ____________________ 2. ___________________ 5. __________________ 4. ____________________ 3. ____________________ Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ Match the letters with the correct definitions on the table below. 7-19.) A. Sugar phosphate backbone G. Deoxyribose B. Base Pair C. Double Helix D. Ribose E. Ligase F. Hydrogen Bond H. Monomer I. Nucleotide J. Helicase Polymer DNA Polymerase Correct Definition letter The monomer of DNA and RNA The enzyme responsible for “unzipping” the DNA helix during replication The shape of the DNA molecule The enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides during replication Two complementary nitrogenous bases that are held together by hydrogen bonds Large molecule composed of many repeating subunits The sugar in a DNA molecule The backbone of DNA that is made of alternating sugars and phosphates A molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer The electrostatic interaction between polar molecules when a hydrogen atom is bound to a highly electronegative atom such as oxygen. The enzyme responsible for “sealing” the DNA helix during replication The sugar in a RNA molecule Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ #20-21.) Complete the following for tables below A.) Complete the complementary strand of DNA. B.) Complete the mRNA sequence. Table #1 DNA 5’ 3’ T A T A C G T G T A A T T A T C G G A G 3’ 5’ Table #2 mRNA _______________ 3’ 5’ mRNA DNA 5’ G T A A T T A T C G A C G T G T A A G C 3’ 3’ 3’ 5’ 5’ 22.) On table #1, circle the promoter region where RNA polymerase would attach. Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ ____23.) Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? A.) Ribose +phosphate group + thymine B.) Ribose + phosphate group + uracil C.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil D.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine ____24.) Which of the following is a nucleotide found in RNA? A.) Ribose +phosphate group + thymine B.) Ribose + phosphate group + uracil C.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil D.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine ____25.) Unlike DNA, RNA contains A.) Adenine B.) Uracil C.) Phosphate group D.) Thymine ____26.) DNA is copied during a process called A.) Replication B.) Translation C.) Transcription D.) Transformation ____27.) RNA contains the sugar A.) Ribose B.) Deoxyribose C.) Glucose D.) Lactose ____28.) DNA contain instructions for assembling A.) Purines B.) Nucleosomes C.) Protein D.) Pyrimidines Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ ____29.) The process of copying a gene’s DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called A.) replication B.) transcription C.) translation D.) PCR ____30.) The transcribing enzyme is A.) Ligase. B.) DNA polymerase C.) RNA polymerase D.) Amino-acyl transferase ____31.) Which molecule contains the genetic code? A.) DNA B.) mRNA C.) tRNA D.) rRNA ____32.) The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain comprises the ______ structure of the protein. A.) Primary B.) Secondary C.) Tertiary D.) Quaternary ____33.) Transfer RNA’s bind during translation by the A.) Codon. B.) Anticodon. C.) Template D.) Polypeptide Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________ ____34.) Which of the following statement is true regarding introns? A.) Introns are the parts of mRNA that are translated. B.) Introns are removed during translation C.) In general, human genes have fewer introns than genes of other organisms. ____35.) Which mode of information transfer usually does not occur? A.) DNA to DNA B.) DNA to RNA C.) DNA to protein D.) All occur in a working cell ____36.) Transcription and translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides world form a protein containing no more than _____ amino acids? A.) 10 B.) 15 C.) 60 D.) 90 37-41.) Draw straight lines matching the correct word to its definition Frameshift When a nucleotide is removed Inversion Change in a single base pair of a DNA sequence Point mutation A shift in the reading frame Deletion When a nucleotide is added Insertion When a chromosome piece breaks off and reattaches in reverse orientation Extra Point: Correctly spell DNA’s full name ___________________________