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Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
Biology Study Guide
Directions: Label the diagram below with the following choices:

Nucleotide

Deoxyribose

Phosphate group

Base pair

Hydrogen bond

Nitrogenous base
1. ____________________
6. ____________________
2. ___________________
5. __________________
4. ____________________
3. ____________________
Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
Match the letters with the correct definitions on the table
below.
7-19.)
A. Sugar
phosphate
backbone
G.
Deoxyribose
B. Base Pair
C. Double
Helix
D. Ribose
E. Ligase
F. Hydrogen
Bond
H. Monomer
I. Nucleotide
J. Helicase
Polymer
DNA
Polymerase
Correct Definition
letter
The monomer of DNA and RNA
The enzyme responsible for “unzipping” the DNA helix during
replication
The shape of the DNA molecule
The enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides during
replication
Two complementary nitrogenous bases that are held together
by hydrogen bonds
Large molecule composed of many repeating subunits
The sugar in a DNA molecule
The backbone of DNA that is made of alternating sugars and
phosphates
A molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer
The electrostatic interaction between polar molecules when a
hydrogen atom is bound to a highly electronegative atom such
as oxygen.
The enzyme responsible for “sealing” the DNA helix during
replication
The sugar in a RNA molecule
Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
#20-21.) Complete the following for tables below
A.) Complete the complementary strand of DNA.
B.) Complete the mRNA sequence.
Table #1
DNA
5’ 3’
T
A
T
A
C
G
T
G
T
A
A
T
T
A
T
C
G
G
A
G
3’ 5’
Table #2
mRNA _______________
3’
5’
mRNA
DNA
5’
G
T
A
A
T
T
A
T
C
G
A
C
G
T
G
T
A
A
G
C
3’
3’
3’
5’
5’
22.) On table #1, circle the promoter region where RNA polymerase would attach.
Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
____23.) Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
A.) Ribose +phosphate group + thymine
B.) Ribose + phosphate group + uracil
C.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
D.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
____24.) Which of the following is a nucleotide found in RNA?
A.) Ribose +phosphate group + thymine
B.) Ribose + phosphate group + uracil
C.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
D.) Deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
____25.) Unlike DNA, RNA contains
A.) Adenine
B.) Uracil
C.) Phosphate group
D.) Thymine
____26.) DNA is copied during a process called
A.) Replication
B.) Translation
C.) Transcription
D.) Transformation
____27.) RNA contains the sugar
A.) Ribose
B.) Deoxyribose
C.) Glucose
D.) Lactose
____28.) DNA contain instructions for assembling
A.) Purines
B.) Nucleosomes
C.) Protein
D.) Pyrimidines
Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
____29.) The process of copying a gene’s DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is
called
A.) replication
B.) transcription
C.) translation
D.) PCR
____30.) The transcribing enzyme is
A.) Ligase.
B.) DNA polymerase
C.) RNA polymerase
D.) Amino-acyl transferase
____31.) Which molecule contains the genetic code?
A.) DNA
B.) mRNA
C.) tRNA
D.) rRNA
____32.) The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain comprises the ______
structure of the protein.
A.) Primary
B.) Secondary
C.) Tertiary
D.) Quaternary
____33.) Transfer RNA’s bind during translation by the
A.) Codon.
B.) Anticodon.
C.) Template
D.) Polypeptide
Name: _________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________________
____34.) Which of the following statement is true regarding introns?
A.) Introns are the parts of mRNA that are translated.
B.) Introns are removed during translation
C.) In general, human genes have fewer introns than genes of other organisms.
____35.) Which mode of information transfer usually does not occur?
A.) DNA to DNA
B.) DNA to RNA
C.) DNA to protein
D.) All occur in a working cell
____36.) Transcription and translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides
world form a protein containing no more than _____ amino acids?
A.) 10
B.) 15
C.) 60
D.) 90
37-41.) Draw straight lines matching the correct word to its definition
Frameshift
When a nucleotide is removed
Inversion
Change in a single base pair of a DNA
sequence
Point mutation
A shift in the reading frame
Deletion
When a nucleotide is added
Insertion
When a chromosome piece breaks off
and reattaches in reverse orientation
Extra Point: Correctly spell DNA’s full name
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