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Section: Chapter 10: Multiple Choice
1.
Which part of the brain is responsible for planning and initiating movements?
__ A.
frontal lobe
__ B.
hippocampus
__ C.
basal ganglia
__ D.
cerebellum
Rationale:
p.358
2.
The prefrontal cortex is responsible for:
__ A.
planning movements.
__ B.
organizing movement sequences.
__ C.
producing specific movements.
__ D.
inhibiting spontaneous movements.
Rationale:
p.358
3.
The premotor cortex is responsible for:
__ A.
planning movements.
__ B.
organizing movement sequences.
__ C.
producing specific movements.
__ D.
inhibiting spontaneous movements.
Rationale:
p.358
4.
The primary motor cortex is responsible for:
__ A.
planning movements.
__ B.
organizing movement sequences.
__ C.
producing specific movements.
__ D.
inhibiting spontaneous movements.
Rationale:
p.359
1
5.
In a person performing a sequence of finger movements, cerebral blood flow would
increase in the:
__ A.
primary motor cortex.
__ B.
supplementary motor cortex.
__ C.
prefrontal motor cortex.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and b.
Rationale:
p.359
6.
The spinal cord functions in:
__ A.
conveying sensory and motor information between the brain and body.
__ B.
reflexive behaviors.
__ C.
walking.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and b only.
Rationale:
pp.361-362
7.
Wilder Penfield identified a motor homunculus in the:
__ A.
primary motor cortex.
__ B.
prefrontal cortex.
__ C.
premotor cortex.
__ D.
a and c.
Rationale:
p.366
8.
On the motor homunculus:
__ A.
all muscles are given equal representation.
__ B.
an inverse relation exists between space allocated on the homunculus and
motor control.
areas of precise motor control are given a larger representation.
__ C.
__ D.
no clear relationship exists between movement precision and the amount of
area allocated on the motor cortex.
Rationale:
p.366
2
9.
What represents the "final common pathway"?
__ A.
sensory neurons
__ B.
muscles
__ C.
motor neurons
__ D.
the corticospinal tract
Rationale:
p.369
10.
The "limb"
that move
regions of
that move
regions of the motor homunculus are involved in activating motor neurons
the arms, hands, and legs primarily on the ________, while the trunk
the motor homunculus are primarily involved in activating motor neurons
the trunk primarily on the _________.
__ A.
same side of the body; opposite side of the body
__ B.
opposite side of the body; same side of the body
__ C.
same side of the body; same side of the body
__ D.
opposite side of the body; opposite side of the body
Rationale:
p.369
11.
When lifting a heavy object, neurons of the motor cortex will:
__ A.
fire at the same rate as when lighter objects are lifted.
__ B.
fire at a lower frequency compared to when light objects are lifted.
__ C.
fire at a higher frequency compared to when light objects are lifted.
__ D.
release more neurotransmitter for each action potential.
Rationale:
p.371
12.
In all animals, a larger proportion of the motor cortex is represented by:
__ A.
the tongue and paws/hands.
__ B.
the arms, legs, and other large muscle groups.
__ C.
no single area. There is equal representation of all muscles.
__ D.
muscles over which an animal has skilled and intricate control.
Rationale:
p.373
3
13.
The sensory and motor cortex are:
__ A.
stable neocortical areas that are "fixed" in function after birth.
__ B.
stable neocortical areas that are "fixed" in function after puberty.
__ C.
changed only in response to damage.
__ D.
continuously modified with learning and experience.
Rationale:
p.374
14.
Which of the following is not a part of the basal ganglia?
__ A.
flocculus
__ B.
amygdala
__ C.
caudate
__ D.
putamen
Rationale:
p.375
15.
If cells of the caudate putamen are damaged, which one of the following motor
disorders will be observed?
__ A.
hypokinetic behavior
__ B.
isokinetic behavior
__ C.
hyperkinetic behavior
__ D.
mesokinetic behavior
Rationale:
p.376
16.
The globus pallidus is an internal component of the basal ganglia that is involved with:
__ A.
skilled motor movements.
__ B.
determining whether a movement will be large or small.
__ C.
species-specific behaviors.
__ D.
involuntary motor behaviors.
Rationale:
p.377
17.
The flocculus of the cerebellum is involved with:
__ A.
control of balance and eye movements.
__ B.
control over the face and midline of the body.
__ C.
gross limb movements.
__ D.
fine finger and hand movements.
Rationale:
p.378
4
18.
Tumors or damage to the midline of the cerebellum seriously disrupt:
__ A.
balance.
__ B.
eye movements.
__ C.
grasping.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and b.
Rationale:
p.378
19.
The cerebellum's role in motor behavior is primarily involved with:
__ A.
the timing of movements.
__ B.
initiating movements.
__ C.
maintaining movement accuracy.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and c.
Rationale:
p.378
20.
A patient with damage to her cerebellum is instructed to tap her finger to the same
beat as a metronome. If the metronome is turned off, the patient:
__ A.
taps her finger with a stronger force.
__ B.
taps her finger at a different frequency.
__ C.
taps her finger with less force.
__ D.
a and b.
Rationale:
p.379
21.
The _______ contributes to motor control by adjusting the forces associated with
movements, while the ______ compares the intended movement with actual
movement for the improvement of movement skill.
__ A.
motor cortex; cerebellum
__ B.
cerebellum; basal ganglia
__ C.
basal ganglia; motor cortex
__ D.
basal ganglia; cerebellum
Rationale:
pp.375-379
5
22.
To which of the following systems is the somatosensory system most closely linked?
__ A.
visual
__ B.
auditory
__ C.
motor
__ D.
all of the above
Rationale:
p.380
23.
_____ skin is much more richly endowed with receptors and is exquisitely more
sensitive to a wider range of stimuli than ______ skin.
__ A.
Glabrous; hairy
__ B.
Smooth; glabrous
__ C.
Smooth; hairy
__ D.
Hairy; glabrous
Rationale:
pp.381-382
24.
"Two-point sensitivity" is greatest on:
__ A.
hairy skin.
__ B.
glabrous skin.
__ C.
smooth skin.
__ D.
epidermal skin.
Rationale:
p.382
25.
Which of the following receptors is most responsive to pain and temperature?
__ A.
pacinian corpuscles
__ B.
free nerve endings
__ C.
golgi tendon organs
__ D.
dendrites of alpha motor neurons
Rationale:
p.382
26.
Pacinian corpuscles are most responsive to:
__ A.
movements of tendons.
__ B.
pain and temperature.
__ C.
pressure and flutter stimuli.
__ D.
all of the above.
Rationale:
p.382
6
27.
The three major classes of sensory receptors are:
__ A.
nocioception, hapsis, proprioception.
__ B.
flocculoception, nocioception, hapsis.
__ C.
stasisception, nocioception, proprioception.
__ D.
flocculoception, nocioception, proprioception.
Rationale:
p.382
28.
Nocioception is the perception of:
__ A.
fine touch.
__ B.
the location of one's body in space.
__ C.
pain.
__ D.
noise.
Rationale:
p.382
29.
Hapsis is the perception of:
__ A.
fine touch.
__ B.
the location of one's body in space.
__ C.
pain.
__ D.
chemical irritants.
Rationale:
p.382
30.
Proprioception is the perception of:
__ A.
fine touch.
__ B.
the location of one's body in space.
__ C.
pain.
__ D.
chemical irritants.
Rationale:
p.382
31.
Which of the following receptors are "rapidly adapting receptors"?
__ A.
Meissner's corpuscles
__ B.
Pacinian corpuscles
__ C.
Ruffini corpuscles
__ D.
all of the above
Rationale:
p.382
7
32.
Which of the following receptors are "slowly adapting receptors"?
__ A.
Meissner's corpuscles
__ B.
Merkel's receptors
__ C.
hair receptors
__ D.
all of the above
__ E.
b and c
Rationale:
p.382
33.
Somatosensory information is carried from the body to the CNS by the:
__ A.
ventral-root ganglion neurons.
__ B.
dorsal-root ganglion neurons.
__ C.
gamma somatosensory neurons.
__ D.
corticospinal tract.
Rationale:
p.383
34.
Hepatic and proprioceptive axons form the:
__ A.
dorsal spinothalamic tract.
__ B.
ventral spinothalamic tract.
__ C.
caudal spinothalamic tract.
__ D.
rostral spinothalamic tract.
Rationale:
p.384
35.
Axons that carry information about pain and temperature form the:
__ A.
dorsal spinothalamic tract.
__ B.
ventral spinothalamic tract.
__ C.
caudal spinothalamic tract.
__ D.
rostral spinothalamic tract.
Rationale:
p.384
8
36.
According to the gate theory of pain transmission, activity in the _________ can
inhibit the pain pathway in the spinal cord.
__ A.
motor cortex
__ B.
hepatic/proprioceptive pathway
__ C.
nocioceptive pathway
__ D.
corticospinal pathway
Rationale:
p.386
37.
Pain in blood vessels and internal organs that is felt as pain at the body surface is
known as:
__ A.
transferred pain.
__ B.
relocated pain.
__ C.
referred pain.
__ D.
transposed pain.
Rationale:
p.387
38.
The vestibular system is located in the:
__ A.
brainstem.
__ B.
spinal cord.
__ C.
motor cortex.
__ D.
middle ear.
Rationale:
p.388
39.
Vestibular receptors convey information about:
__ A.
changes in the direction of movement.
__ B.
changes in the speed of movement.
__ C.
the position of one's body in relation to gravity.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and c.
Rationale:
p.388
9
40.
Action potentials in the semicircular canals are stimulated by:
__ A.
bending hair cells.
__ B.
endolymph.
__ C.
the utricle and saccule.
__ D.
Pacinian corpuscles.
Rationale:
p.388
41.
The primary somatosensory cortex is found in the __________, while the secondary
somatosensory cortex is located in the __________.
__ A.
precentral gyrus; postcentral gyrus
__ B.
parietal lobe; postcentral gyrus
__ C.
postcentral gyrus; parietal lobe
__ D.
precentral gyrus; parietal lobe
Rationale:
p.389
42.
The homunculus on the primary somatosensory cortex is most similar to the
homunculus found in the:
__ A.
primary motor cortex.
__ B.
secondary motor cortex.
__ C.
cerebellum.
__ D.
basal ganglia.
__ E.
visual cortex.
Rationale:
p.390
43.
Damage to the primary motor cortex results in:
__ A.
impaired sensory discrimination on the ipsilateral side.
__ B.
impaired sensory discrimination on the contralateral side.
__ C.
impaired sensory discrimination on both the ipsilateral and contralateral
side.
no impairment of sensory discrimination.
__ D.
Rationale:
pp.391-392
10
Answer Key
44.
How many homunculi are present in the primary somatosensory cortex?
__ A.
2
__ B.
3
__ C.
4
__ D.
5
Rationale:
p.390
45.
Neurons in area 3b of the primary somatosensory cortex are responsive to:
__ A.
muscle sense.
__ B.
slow-adapting skin receptors.
__ C.
fast-adapting skin receptors.
__ D.
pressure.
Rationale:
pp.390-391
46.
The inability to accurately complete a plan of motor action is called:
__ A.
ataxia.
__ B.
aphasia.
__ C.
apraxia.
__ D.
acalcula.
Rationale:
p.393
47.
Hair cells in the vestibular system fire more action potentials when the hair:
__ A.
is bent in a specific direction.
__ B.
vibrates at a specific frequency.
__ C.
is moved with a specific force.
__ D.
cells remain motionless.
Rationale:
p.388
48.
Somatosensory and motor systems are closely interrelated at the level of the:
__ A.
neocortex.
__ B.
brainstem.
__ C.
spinal cord.
__ D.
all of the above.
__ E.
a and b.
Rationale:
p.390
11