Download DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation STUDY GUIDE

UNIT 7 - DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation STUDY GUIDE
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Be able to make a complementary base sequence to A C C G T A T for DNA.
Be able to make a RNA nucleotide sequence that would be complementary to a G T A G T C A DNA strand
Who discovered/made a model of the double helix structure?
What holds base pairs together?
The process that makes an exact copy of a cell's DNA is called ___________________.
What are the main functions of DNA polymerase?
The main function of tRNA is to:
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
How many amino acids are used to make up the all of the proteins in the human body?
A tRNA that carries the amino acid methionine pairs with which type of codon?
Translation converts mRNA into _____________.
Where is the site of translation (where does translation occur)?
In a eukaryotic cell, where does mRNA processing take place?
Generally, mutations that affect a single gene occur during replication.
What type of mutation is caused by the deletion of a nucleotide?
Which type of mutation has no effect on phenotype?
Mutations that can affect the offspring of an organism occur in what cell type?
This is a single strand of DNA GGCATGA. What are the first three nucleotides of the other DNA strand?
In humans, where does DNA replication take place?
This a single strand of DNA - AUCUCAG. Choose the first three nucleotides of the complementary RNA strand.
During transcription, what does messenger RNA do?
In order to produce all the protein that a cell needs, transcription takes place on a gene segment over and over again.
How many amino acids are coded for by the strand of mRNA? GCUAUG (Hint – think codon)
What process is shown in Figure 8.3?
Identify the structure labeled 2 in the diagram.
Write the number in a diagram that corresponds to the ribosome. How does the ribosome interact with mRNA and tRNA
during translation?
Use the exhibit to answer the questions that follow. (Hint - The Uracil is being put into the sequence)
What type of mutation is shown in Figure 8.4?
Suppose this mutation occurred in a coding region of mRNA. How would it affect the structure of the resulting protein?
If this mutation occurred in a body cell would the offspring be affected? Explain