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Systems & Sustainability Protein Synthesis Name_____________________ Date______________________ What is a protein? Where are the instructions to build a protein? ______________________ What are the two parts to protein synthesis? ________________________ _________________________ Draw a strand of DNA and label the following structures: double strands, thymine nucleotide, deoxyribose sugar, phosphate. Draw a strand of RNA and label the following structures: single strand, uracil nucleotide, ribose sugar, phosphate. List the three key differences between DNA and RNA. FROM GENE TO PROTEIN TRANSCRIPTION and TRANSLATION Draw the outline of a cell with a nucleus. Label the nucleus as the place of transcription and the cytoplasm as the place of translation. TRANSCRIPTION: Give a brief summary of transcription. *Draw a cell and nucleus with a short strand of unwound DNA made up with a nucleotide sequence of TAC CCT ATT. *Next to the DNA sequence, draw the corresponding mRNA nucleotides. *Draw an arrow showing the where the mRNA will go when transcription is over. What is a codon?_____________________________________________ TRANSLATION Give a brief summary of translation. Draw a cell with a nucleus. Draw a ribosome with the first mRNA codon attached to it. Draw a corresponding tRNA with an amino acid attached to it. Show how the tRNA attaches to the mRNA and how the rest of the tRNA molecules attach to the mRNA and how the amino acids link together. What is an anticodon?________________________________________ PUTTING IT TOGETHER Describe how you can determine which amino acid is carried by which tRNA molecule? Transcribe and translate the following strand of DNA. DNA mRNA tRNA Amino Acid Sequence T A C G G A T A A A C T What might happen to the resulting protein if one of the letters in the DNA sequence were removed? What might happen to the resulting protein if some of the letters in the DNA sequence were changed?