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procite - UWI St. Augustine
procite - UWI St. Augustine

... site. Although all amino acids can be amidated, neutral hydrophobic residues such as Val or Phe are good substrates, while charged residues such as Asp or Arg are much less reactive. C-terminal amidation has not yet been shown to occur in unicellular organisms or in plants. ...
Synthesis of Heme
Synthesis of Heme

... having at its active site an intermediate resembling PBG in Schiff base linkage to one lysine side-chain. ...
Carnitine metabolism and biosynthesis in yeast Saccharomyces
Carnitine metabolism and biosynthesis in yeast Saccharomyces

... acyl residues between intracellular compartments. This function of carnitine, referred to as the carnitine shuttle, is supported by the activities of carnitine acyltransferases and carnitine/acylcarnitine transporters, and is reasonably well studied and understood. While this function remains the on ...
Microbiology
Microbiology

... 95 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA ...
The complete nucleotide sequence of the tryptophan operon of
The complete nucleotide sequence of the tryptophan operon of

... acid sequence comparisons are discussed in section I I ] . The five s t r u c t u r a l genes of the operon code for two bifunctional polypeptides and two pairs of polypeptides that form tetrameric enzyme complexes. The bifunctional trpD polypeptide c o n s i s t s of a glutamine amidotransferase do ...
Structural elements defining elongation factor Tu mediated
Structural elements defining elongation factor Tu mediated

... [3H]-labeled aa-tRNA and EF-Tu  GTP in concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 2 mM in 50 mM Na-Hepes pH 7.2, 5 mM NH4Cl, 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl2 and 1 mM GTP. After 5 min incubation at 48C, the mixture was filtered on a nitrocellulose disc presoaked in washing buffer. Filters were washed with 400 ml of r ...
npr review - Olivamine
npr review - Olivamine

... can be upregulated or downregulated depending upon the target. Included among these molecular targets are transcription factors, enzymes, inflammatory mediators, protein kinases, drug resistance proteins, cell-cycle regulatory proteins, adhesion molecules, growth factors, receptors, cell-survival pr ...
Xenopus Spinal Neurons Express Kv2 Potassium Channel
Xenopus Spinal Neurons Express Kv2 Potassium Channel

... and pXb4 occur at the third position of a codon and do not cause amino acid changes (Fig. I/l). pXb3 is 76 and 97% identical to XShab9 and XShab12, respectively, indicating that pXb3 is related to XShab12. Eight of the nine nucleotide differences between pXb3 and XShabl2 occur at the third position ...
Identification and first characterization of pairing
Identification and first characterization of pairing

... Furthermore, it has been shown, that females induce lipid accumulation and lipase activity in males (Haseeb et al., 1989). However, research on a factor transferred from the female to the male was neglected as it was assumed to be uncertain and less promising concerning schistosomiasis control compa ...
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLICATION IN PRE
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA REPLICATION IN PRE

... This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of info ...
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon

... by HPLC and online radiometry (Pavlov et al., 1997; Experimental Procedures). At a RelE concentration four times less than the concentration of ribosomes that were competent in dipeptide formation (Zavialov et al., 2001; Experimental Procedures), peptide synthesis from the mRNA with UAG as stop codo ...
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features

... In the new version of ASD 2.0, the allosteric proteins and allosteric modulators deposited have been approximately trebled to 1286 and 22 008, the allosteric interactions and allosteric diseases increased to 23 099 and 565, respectively, and for the first time, 218 unique allosteric site structures a ...
Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium
Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium

... basis of the presence of potential ribosomal binding sites, sequence alignments, and available data in the literature. Potential alien genes on the L. lactis genome sequence were identified using the program SIGI (for score-based identification of genomic islands) (69), based on the scoring of codon ...
pdf
pdf

... Contrary to betaproteobacterial nitrifier genomes, the N. oceani genome contained two complete rrn operons. In contrast, only one copy of the genes needed to synthesize functional ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase, as well as the proteins that relay the extracted electrons to a ...
Elucidating Flux Regulation of the Fermentation Modes of
Elucidating Flux Regulation of the Fermentation Modes of

... Christian has taught me numerous principles, skills and knowledge in practical as well as theoretical molecular biology and cellular metabolism. From the very first day he has helped me, a person without any previous experience in biological experiments, to survive in the lab. He always came up with ...
UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI CODON USAGE ADAPTATION IN PROKARYOTIC GENOMES
UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI CODON USAGE ADAPTATION IN PROKARYOTIC GENOMES

... widely accepted that mitochondrion had a single origin, arising from a bacterial symbiont whose closest contemporary relatives are found within the a-proteobacteria (33, 34). Since its origin, the mitochondrial genome has undergone a streamlining process of genome reduction with intense periods of l ...
Analysis of the genetic potential of the spongederived fungus
Analysis of the genetic potential of the spongederived fungus

... lab and for introducing me into the puzzling world of polyketides. I am grateful for all suggestions that I got from him during the practical work in the lab, as well as for the writing of my thesis. Moreover, I want to thank him for his trust and unique experience in building up a laboratory togeth ...
One-stop polymerase chain reaction (PCR): An improved PCR
One-stop polymerase chain reaction (PCR): An improved PCR

... staining dyes (ethidium bromide, SYBR Green I, etc) (Huang et al., 2005; Aziah et al., 2007). These post-PCR procedures not only increase the handling time but expose experimentalists to toxic reagents. Therefore, a novel PCR method is desired to compatibilize Taq DNA ...
Emerging role of Nrf2 - Discovery
Emerging role of Nrf2 - Discovery

... activators of Nrf2 (termed inducers) [9]. Inducers block the cycle of Keap1-mediated degradation of Nrf2 by chemically modifying specific cysteine residues within Keap1 [10,11] or by directly disrupting the Keap1:Nrf2 binding interface [12,13]. Consequently, Nrf2 is not degraded, and the transcriptio ...
Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in
Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in

... the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of pr ...
Characterization of the Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Gene
Characterization of the Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Gene

... O06084), Chlorobium limicola (SWISS-PROT Q08262) and Treponema pallidum SWISS-PROT O83159), however, these four genes were identified during sequencing projects only by sequence similarity and can therefore not be considered as being functionally analyzed. The present study describes for the first t ...
Origins and Early Evolution of the tRNA Molecule
Origins and Early Evolution of the tRNA Molecule

... motifs [22]. Although these classes may have two distinct evolutionary origins, the tertiary structures of aaRSs revealed that a member of each of the two classes can be docked simultaneously Class I synthetases possess active sites with the Rossmann fold motif and consensus sequences onto the oppos ...
ABA overlysensitive5 (ABO5), encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat
ABA overlysensitive5 (ABO5), encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat

... Journal compilation ª 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, The Plant Journal, (2010), 63, 749–765 ...
Genome-wide Investigation of Cellular Functions for tRNA Nucleus
Genome-wide Investigation of Cellular Functions for tRNA Nucleus

... cytoplasm for their essential role in protein synthesis. This export event was thought to be unidirectional. Surprisingly, several lines of evidence showed that mature cytoplasmic tRNAs shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and their distribution is nutrient-dependent. This newly discovered tRNA ret ...
Glucosamine-Induced Insulin Resistance in Primary Rat
Glucosamine-Induced Insulin Resistance in Primary Rat

... may play a role in induction of insulin resistance and thus needs to be evaluated in different cell types. Therefore, we set out to test whether or not insulin resistance could be established in primary rat hepatocytes. To accomplish this we used a HBP precursor, glucosamine and first assessed wheth ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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