Download DNA and Protein Synthesis PreTest

DNA and Protein Synthesis PreTest
Answer the following questions on your own paper.
1. Define the following terms:
a. Nucleotide
b. Mutation
c. Gene
d. Trait
2. What are the three parts of a DNA nucleotide (molecule)?
3. What are the three parts of a RNA nucleotide (molecule)?
4. Draw the general structure of a nucleotide.
5. Define the following terms:
a. Codon
b. Anticodon
c. Transcription
d. Translation
6. Explain the role of the following in protein synthesis:
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. tRNA
d. rRNA
e. Amino acids
f. Covalent bonds
7. Compare and contrast transcription and translation. Provide 2 similarities & 2 differences.
8. Compare and contrast codon and anticodon. Provide 2 similarities & 2 differences.
9. Compare and contrast the shape of DNA to mRNA. Provide 2 similarities & 2 differences.
10. How many codons are needed to code for five amino acids?
11. Form the TEMPLATE strand below into mRNA and tRNA anticodons (Show all work for full
credit)
TAC TAC AGG CAT CGA
a. Convert the strand above into an mRNA strand
b. Show the anticodons for the strand in part A
c. Identify the 5 amino acids that the strand above codes for (Genetic Code Table
provided).
12. A mutation takes place in the above strand resulting in the strand below (Show all work for full
credit)
TAC TAC AGA CAT CGA
a. Convert this mutated strand to mRNA
b. Convert the mRNA from 12b into a new protein
c. Explain the TYPE of mutation that has taken place and the degree to which it will impact
the protein being made.