Download Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

Neurons, Hormones, and the
Brain
Chapter #4
chapter 4
Overview
The nervous system
Communication in the nervous
system
Mapping the brain
A tour through the brain
The two hemispheres of the brain
Two stubborn issues in brain
research
Objectives
1. Explain the functions and components of the
Central Nervous system
2. Compare and Contrast the Peripheral
Nervous system and the CNS; including
Sensory and Motor neurons
3. Create a Flow chart of the nervous
system=ACADEMIC SKILL ALERT
Nervous System: A Basic Blueprint
• Neuropsychology- or Neuroanatomy-study
the brain and the rest of the nervous system
in hopes of gaining a better understanding of
consciousness, perception, memory, emotion,
stress, mental disorders and self identity
• Cells, parts and functions of Neurons
Neuropsychology
Central Nervous System= 2 parts
• Brain and spinal cord
• Spinal cord- Extension of the brain
• Runs from the base of the brain down the
center of the back
• Protected by a column of bones, spinal
column
• Bridge between the brain and the parts of the
body below the neck
chapter 4
The central nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
A collection of neurons and
supportive tissue running from the
base of the brain down the center
of the back
Protected by spinal column
Central N.S.
CSN= cont…
• Spinal reflexes- automatic behaviors, no
conscious effort
• For example touch hot iron, move your hand
without thinking
• React to Dr. hitting knee
Spinal Reflexes
Spinal reflexes cont…
• Neural circuits linked to neural pathways that
run up and down the spinal cord= 2 and from
the brain, As a result reflexes effected by
thoughts and emotions
• For example erection in men
• However you can control your knee from
jerking when it is tapped; and most men can
learn to voluntarily delay ejaculation (another
spinal reflex)
Peripheral nervous system- second
part
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•
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Handles CNS input and output
Nerves on outside brain and spinal cord
fingers, toes, receiver on radio
Sensory nerves- Carry messages from skin,
muscles, to spinal cord then brain
• Motor Nerves- Carry orders from CNS to
muscles, glands, internal organs. Allow us to
move, secrete substances like chemical
messengers-Hormones.
Hormones
chapter 4
Organization of the nervous
system
Peripheral Nervous system: two parts
• Somatic-bodily
• Autonomic- (self-governing)
• Somatic Nervous system, Skeletal nervous
system.
• Connected to sensory receptors and to the
skeletal muscles, permit voluntary actions
• F.E. bug on arm, write name, turn on lights=
somatic system active
Compare and Contrast
Autonomic Nervous System
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•
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•
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Autonomic- (self-governing)
Regulates blood vessels
Internal, bladder, stomach, heart
See hot –guy/girl hands sweat, heart pounds
Automatically, without your control
Autonomic in 2 parts as well
Work together in opposing ways
• Sympathetic nervous system- like accelerator
in car. Output, energy. Blush, sweat, pushes up
HR/ BP
• Parasympathetic- More like a brake, conserve
and store energy. Slows HR down
Compare and Contrast
Summary
• Main components of CNS
• Peripheral nervous system