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Learning Objectives for Kalat’s Biological Psychology, 9e Learning Objectives Chapter 2 Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses Module 2.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 1. Know the main structures of neurons and the structural differences among neurons. 2. Know the main types of glia and their functions. 3. Be able to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the blood-brain barrier. Module 2.2 The Nerve Impulse 4. Understand why the neuron uses considerable energy to produce a resting potential. 5. Understand the competing forces of the electrical and concentration gradients on potassium ions and how this competition produces the resting potential. 6. Be able to describe the function and the molecular basis of the action potential. 7. Understand how an action potential is conducted down an axon and how myelin sheaths contribute to this process. 8. Know how local interneurons transmit information without benefit of action potentials.