Download The Nervous System_8C - Science and Math with Mrs. Jessome

The Nervous
System
Eric, RJ and Freedom
Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
The role the Nervous System plays in the human body
The major organs of the Nervous System
How the organs work together
How the Nervous System is connected to the Skeletal
System and the Muscular System
5. The levels of organization in the Nervous System
6. Two common diseases that affect the Nervous System
7. How to keep your Nervous System healthy
8. Two professions that work with the Nervous System
9. Fun Facts!
10. References
Slides 3 and 4
Slides 5 and 6
Slides 7 and 8
Slides 9 and 10
Slide 11
Slide 12 and 13
Slide 14
Slides 15 and 16
Slides 17 and 18
Slides 19-21
The Role of The Nervous System in the Human Body
The Nervous System controls all of the systems in the human
body. The brain sends out signals to different parts to tell them
to move, breathe, think, hear, speak etc.
There are two parts to the Nervous System: Central Nervous
System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS consists of the brain and the spinal cord and controls
your senses. For example, if you touch something very hot, you
pull your hand away to protect yourself. That’s your nervous
system telling you to do that.
The PNS is all your other nerves in the rest of the human body. It
is through this system that messages are sent from other limbs
to the brain.
The Nervous System is important for a few reasons. It can
protect the body from harm, keeps us breathing, allows us to
learn (reading, writing, math, etc), controls movement and
growth, and feel emotions.
What organs make up the nervous system?
The main organs that make up the nervous system are the brain and the spinal
cord.
The brain controls almost all of the actions in the body such as movement,
behavior and responding to the environment. The brain is split up into parts,
and each part does its own function.
The different structures of the brain are:
- The cerebullum
- The thalamus
- The hypothalamus
- The cerebrum
- The midbrain
- The brain stem
- The pons
The brain is shaped like an egg, since it is slightly flattened. The brain
Also has a sort of split in the middle of it.
Part 2: The spinal cord
The Spinal Cord is the pathway for messages
to be sent the body to the brain and the brain
to the body.
The Spinal Cord is located inside of the
vertebrae and is very long; around 43 cm for
women and 45 cm for men.
How is the nervous system
connected to the skeletal system?
The skeletal system is connected to the nervous system. The
vertebrae, part of the Skeletal System protects your spinal cord from damage.
The skull also protects the brain from injured. Bones provide calcium, which is
necessary for functioning the nervous system
How is the nervous system connected
to the muscular system
• The muscular system and nervous system help
each other perform there respective motor
and sensory duties. Muscles protect the
delicate process of nerves that run throughout
the body and also give the brain helpful
information. Meanwhile the nerves serve
between muscles and the director brain in full
ranges of movement. Both systems are also
important in digestive processes and heart
functioning.
How do these organs work together
The brain and the spinal cord work together. The
brain is what sends signals to your spinal cord.
The nerves branch off of the spinal cord to make
the Peripheral Nervous System. If there is
serious damage to the spinal cord, there will be
a major impact on the structure and function of
the brain. The brain and spinal cord are made up
of neurons and other cells that maintain the
function of what we call, the central nervous
system.
Levels of Organization
The Brain is the
main organ of the
Nervous System. It
is made up of
Nervous tissue
which is composed
of nerve cells, also
called neurons.
2 Common Diseases that affect your
nervous system
• Parkinson's disease is a brain disorder. The disorder
affects your nervous system by movement of the
dopamine, the dopamine is a chemical that carries
singles between your nerves to your brain. When the
cells that produce dopamine die, the Parkinson's disorder
starts to appear. There are currently no cures for
Parkinson's disease but there are treatments that effect
the Parkinson’s symptoms for a short amount of time,
but this is all they can do offer symptomatic relief. What
we don’t have is something that would actually halt or
slow the progression of the disease.
2 Common diseases that affect your
nervous system
• Alzheimer's is a common disorder that affects the
nervous system. The disease occurs when a fiber of
a nerve cells (neurofibrillary) tangle together which
spreads through the brain then it becomes the first
stage of Alzheimer's. At the end the damage has
spread all through and your brain tissue has become
a smaller mass. There is currently no cure for
Alzheimer's. But drug and non-drug treatments can
help with cognitive and behavioral symptoms.
How can you maintain a healthy
nervous system?
Jobs that work with the nervous system:
1. Neuropsychologist
A neuropsychologist is a special doctor who study a
patient’s behaviour, relating to the brain.
Whenever Neurosurgeons and psychiatrists need help after
a brain trauma, they usually call in a neuropsycologist
2. Neurologist
A neurologist helps treats disorders in the brain
and nervous system. They do not do surgery on the brain,
unlike the neurosurgeon, but at times work together.
Fun Facts
• The left side of the brain controls the right
side of the body and vice versa!
• The left side of the brain controls reading,
speaking and math problems. The right side is
for your sense of humour and your creative
side, like art and music.
• If all neurons in the human body were
stretched out end to end they would be 600
miles long!
• Only 4% of brain cells are actually used. The
rest are kept in reserve.
• There are more neurons in our bodies than
there are stars in the Milky Way
References
Simon, S. The Brain: Our Nervous System. New York: Scholastic
Inc., 1997
What is a neuropsychologist?
http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-neuropsychologist.htm
What are the different neuroscience careers?
http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-the-different-neurosciencecareers.htm
What is a neurologist?
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-neurologist.htm
The Nervous System
http://thehumanbodynervoussytem.weebly.com/fun-facts.html
The Nervous System
http://allaboutthenervoussystem.weebly.com/fun-facts.html
Exploring Nature Educational Resource
http://www.exploringnature.org/db/detail.php?dbID=126&detID
=3325
Resources
What is Parkinson's disease
https://cause2give.unxvision.com/P2PWeb/eventPage.apx?PageId=735&E
ventId=21&LanguageId=1
• National institute on aging
http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/alzheimers-disease-factsheet
• Parkinson's disease medication
https://www.michaeljfox.org/understanding-parkinsons/living-withpd/topic.php?medication
• How does the spinal cord work http://www.uiortho.com/index.php/howdoes-the-spinal-cord-work.html
• Brain spinal cord and cells http://myelitis.org/newsletters/j1/journal-108.htm#.UpeprjiA1dg
• What is the relationship between the muscular system and the nervous
system http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-relationship-betweenthe-muscular-system-and-nervous-system.htm