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Aim: How do scientists use
biotechnology to manipulate
genomes?
What is biotechnology?
organisms __ to perform
The use of __________
humans
practical tasks for ____________.
Yeast, helps us
make bread & wine.
Bacteria, help us
make yogurt & cheese.
What is a genome?
Complete set of an organism’s
genetic material.
_________
The Chromosomes, DNA, & the
Genes which are all found in the
Nucleus.
____________
What is a Gene?
DNA on a ____________
chromosome
A gene is a sequence of ______
protein
that codes for one __________.
DNA codes for proteins.
**Remember, not all of the ______
genes the parts that
The parts that do are called ________,
don’t are called _________________
non-coding regions.
What is DNA Technology?
The branch of biotechnology where
scientists actually ___________(alter)
the
manipulate
____________of
organisms at the
genomes
molecular level.
Why would altering DNA affect our
characteristics/traits?
DNA codes for the __________that
proteins
traits.
determine our ________
What are some examples of DNA
Technology?
Cloning
DNA Fingerprinting
Recombinant
DNA
GMO
Gene therapy
Scientists often use _________&
bacteria
viruses
_________
in DNA Technology
How do bacteria reproduce?
Asexual Reproduction
Does that lead to variation in
offspring?
No, it leads to clones
Human Genome Project:
In 1990, advances in DNA technology
enabled scientists to completely
sequence the human genome.
A rough draft was complete
in 2000.
Steps of the Human Genome
Project:
1)Sequence the DNA (order of the bases).
2)Regions of DNA that code for proteins (genes) must
be distinguished from non-coding regions.
3) The functions of the resulting proteins must be
determined.
4) Develop a map of the human genome.
Human Genome Project
Scientists studied and mapped the human
genome (determined the entire
___________
_______________________
nucleotide sequence of DNA).
Why is this so important?
1)Comparing human
sequences with those
from other species
provide insight into
_____________
evolutionary
relationships.
2)Identifying genes will
diagnosing,
aid in_____________
___________________
treating & preventing
common ailments.