Phylogenomics of type II DNA topoisomerases
... around itself into a positive superturn. This wrapping induces the formation of a compensatory negative superturn into the topologically closed enzyme-free DNA. The positive superturn formed around gyrase is then converted into a negatively supercoiled one by the strand-transfer reaction of the enzy ...
... around itself into a positive superturn. This wrapping induces the formation of a compensatory negative superturn into the topologically closed enzyme-free DNA. The positive superturn formed around gyrase is then converted into a negatively supercoiled one by the strand-transfer reaction of the enzy ...
Introduction to Modern Virology
... as widely as possible. Although the discipline of virology is often considered to be highly specialized, we hope that readers will see the tremendous range of systems and technologies that virologists bring to bear in order to elucidate their subject and thus pick up some of the excitement of workin ...
... as widely as possible. Although the discipline of virology is often considered to be highly specialized, we hope that readers will see the tremendous range of systems and technologies that virologists bring to bear in order to elucidate their subject and thus pick up some of the excitement of workin ...
chapter 1 - UTMB Health SHARED Home
... Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus in the family Togaviridae that between 2005 and 2007 caused its largest outbreak/epidemic in documented history, affecting parts of Africa, the Indian Ocean islands, India, and Europe. An unusual feature of this epidemic was the ...
... Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus in the family Togaviridae that between 2005 and 2007 caused its largest outbreak/epidemic in documented history, affecting parts of Africa, the Indian Ocean islands, India, and Europe. An unusual feature of this epidemic was the ...
Complete comparative genomic analysis of two field isolates of
... (v90/4, 15?0–27?1 kb; v90/2, 15?0–28?3 kb). In this 12?1 kb region (7?7 % of the genome), there are 261 of the 521 point mutations, accounting for 50 % of the total nucleotide changes. Of the 261 point mutations, 82 cause nonsynonymous changes and only the chitinase and orf27 genes do not have any a ...
... (v90/4, 15?0–27?1 kb; v90/2, 15?0–28?3 kb). In this 12?1 kb region (7?7 % of the genome), there are 261 of the 521 point mutations, accounting for 50 % of the total nucleotide changes. Of the 261 point mutations, 82 cause nonsynonymous changes and only the chitinase and orf27 genes do not have any a ...
Recombination in large RNA viruses: Coronaviruses
... to be restricted in recombination between certain pairs of viruses. For example, cross-overs in the 3'-end of the viral genome were rarely detected in the recombination between A59 and JHM, and yet they occurred frequently between MHV-2 and A59.7 As discussed below, this finding probably reflects th ...
... to be restricted in recombination between certain pairs of viruses. For example, cross-overs in the 3'-end of the viral genome were rarely detected in the recombination between A59 and JHM, and yet they occurred frequently between MHV-2 and A59.7 As discussed below, this finding probably reflects th ...
Families and Genera infecting vertebrates
... strains are continuously transmitted in humans, despite the fact that avian hosts are the primary reservoir of genetic diversity. Primary analyses are performed with Influenza A ...
... strains are continuously transmitted in humans, despite the fact that avian hosts are the primary reservoir of genetic diversity. Primary analyses are performed with Influenza A ...
Genotype C of hepatitis B virus can be classified into at least two
... genome sequences (10 in this study and 33 from database entries) were also analysed. Nucleotide sequences were multiple-aligned using GENETYX for Windows version 6.0 software (Genetyx) and corrected manually by visual inspection. Genetic distances were calculated using the Kimura two-parameter metho ...
... genome sequences (10 in this study and 33 from database entries) were also analysed. Nucleotide sequences were multiple-aligned using GENETYX for Windows version 6.0 software (Genetyx) and corrected manually by visual inspection. Genetic distances were calculated using the Kimura two-parameter metho ...
Molecular cloning and expression of full
... thesis. The holo-enzyme of DNA polymerase I will perform "repair synthesis" on the RNA-DNA hybrid, replacing thereby the RNA strand attacked by the RNase H (Okayama and Berg, 1982).As a result a complementary strand will be obtained, containing several nicks that can be easily repaired by ligation. ...
... thesis. The holo-enzyme of DNA polymerase I will perform "repair synthesis" on the RNA-DNA hybrid, replacing thereby the RNA strand attacked by the RNase H (Okayama and Berg, 1982).As a result a complementary strand will be obtained, containing several nicks that can be easily repaired by ligation. ...
Switching between polymerase and exonuclease sites in DNA
... Transfer from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site To determine whether Pol ε is able to transfer the 3 terminus of the DNA from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site without dissociating from the DNA, we used heparin as a trap to capture any DNA polymerase molecules not bound to DNA. ...
... Transfer from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site To determine whether Pol ε is able to transfer the 3 terminus of the DNA from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site without dissociating from the DNA, we used heparin as a trap to capture any DNA polymerase molecules not bound to DNA. ...
Chapter 22: SV40 and Polyomavirus DNA Replication
... in the ori-cores of all polyomavirus subgroup members. The 1arge-Tantigen-binding sites within the central palindrome are arranged differently than are those outside this region: The pentanucleotide-binding sites outside the ori-core are oriented in the same direction, whereas those within ori-core ...
... in the ori-cores of all polyomavirus subgroup members. The 1arge-Tantigen-binding sites within the central palindrome are arranged differently than are those outside this region: The pentanucleotide-binding sites outside the ori-core are oriented in the same direction, whereas those within ori-core ...
Collaborative coupling between polymerase and helicase for
... DNA synthesis by a holoenzyme on a DNA hairpin presents two phases. Initially, the holoenzyme has to open a base pair to incorporate a new nucleotide (strand displacement synthesis activity). This phase gives rise to a large change in extension, typically 0.8 nm for a nucleotide incorporated at 10 ...
... DNA synthesis by a holoenzyme on a DNA hairpin presents two phases. Initially, the holoenzyme has to open a base pair to incorporate a new nucleotide (strand displacement synthesis activity). This phase gives rise to a large change in extension, typically 0.8 nm for a nucleotide incorporated at 10 ...
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AT DNA CORPORATE
... training last spring. While I may not be the most ecoconscious person out there, it was great to hear about DNA’s commitment as a company to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and use renewable energy. It also made me feel that DNA cares about its personnel. It is important for DNA that we can feel tha ...
... training last spring. While I may not be the most ecoconscious person out there, it was great to hear about DNA’s commitment as a company to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and use renewable energy. It also made me feel that DNA cares about its personnel. It is important for DNA that we can feel tha ...
Mechanistic Comparison of High-Fidelity and Error
... Subsequently, without duplicating other reviews on the subject,5-7 we consider structural and functional data for some of the recently discovered error-prone DNA polymerases including the African swine fever virus (ASFV) DNA polymerase X (Pol X), and by comparison with higher fidelity enzymes such a ...
... Subsequently, without duplicating other reviews on the subject,5-7 we consider structural and functional data for some of the recently discovered error-prone DNA polymerases including the African swine fever virus (ASFV) DNA polymerase X (Pol X), and by comparison with higher fidelity enzymes such a ...
Specialized Transduction by Bacteriophage P22 in Salmonella typhimurium: Genetic and Physical Structure of the Transducing Genomes and the Prophage Attachment Site.
... P22pro-I and P22pro-3 are specialized transducing derivatives of phage P22 that carry the proA and proB genes of Salmonella typhimurium. These genes lie immediately adjacent to the prophage attachment site on the bacterial chromosome. By examining DNA heteroduplexes in the electron microscope, we fo ...
... P22pro-I and P22pro-3 are specialized transducing derivatives of phage P22 that carry the proA and proB genes of Salmonella typhimurium. These genes lie immediately adjacent to the prophage attachment site on the bacterial chromosome. By examining DNA heteroduplexes in the electron microscope, we fo ...
genetics and functions of herpes simplex virus type 1 membrane
... Table 4.1: Amino acid sequences of mutations .........................................................177 Table 4.2: Complementation results for cell fusion ...................................................184 Table 4.3: Differential effects of mutations on infectious virion production and cell fu ...
... Table 4.1: Amino acid sequences of mutations .........................................................177 Table 4.2: Complementation results for cell fusion ...................................................184 Table 4.3: Differential effects of mutations on infectious virion production and cell fu ...
Genetic diversity and epidemiology of infectious hematopoietic
... transcription (Banerjee & Bank 1992). The glycoprotein initiates infection by binding to and inducing fusion into the fish host cell, and is the primary antigen to elicit a humoral immune response in the host (Rose & Schubert 1987, Engelking & Leong 1989). The NV gene is the taxonomic hallmark for p ...
... transcription (Banerjee & Bank 1992). The glycoprotein initiates infection by binding to and inducing fusion into the fish host cell, and is the primary antigen to elicit a humoral immune response in the host (Rose & Schubert 1987, Engelking & Leong 1989). The NV gene is the taxonomic hallmark for p ...
A simple centrifugation protocol leads to a 55-fold
... 1. DNA-based methods are increasingly used to study and monitor biodiversity and DNA (meta)barcoding is readily available for standardised assessments. However, (meta)barcoding suffers from bias introduced by PCR and the use of primers, which can lead to the loss of taxonomic groups. PCR-free techni ...
... 1. DNA-based methods are increasingly used to study and monitor biodiversity and DNA (meta)barcoding is readily available for standardised assessments. However, (meta)barcoding suffers from bias introduced by PCR and the use of primers, which can lead to the loss of taxonomic groups. PCR-free techni ...
Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie
... icosahedral capsid. With a diameter of only 18 to 30 nm the parvoviruses are among the smallest known viruses. The family Parvoviridae includes two subfamilies: the Parvovirinae, which infect vertebrates, and the Densovirinae, which infect insects. Each of the subfamilies includes three genera. Aden ...
... icosahedral capsid. With a diameter of only 18 to 30 nm the parvoviruses are among the smallest known viruses. The family Parvoviridae includes two subfamilies: the Parvovirinae, which infect vertebrates, and the Densovirinae, which infect insects. Each of the subfamilies includes three genera. Aden ...
Genetics of Herpes Simplex Virus Type
... genomic sites to which insertion of the marker genes was targeted, and the primers used in diagnostic PCR to confirm the presence of each mutation. (C) PCR fragments containing the kanamycin resistance or GFP-Zeocin resistance gene cassette flanked by approximately 50 bp of viral sequences on both s ...
... genomic sites to which insertion of the marker genes was targeted, and the primers used in diagnostic PCR to confirm the presence of each mutation. (C) PCR fragments containing the kanamycin resistance or GFP-Zeocin resistance gene cassette flanked by approximately 50 bp of viral sequences on both s ...
Unraveling DNA helicases
... both a helicase-like strand-separating activity and strandannealing activity [31]. Both domains contain large insertion sequences that form subdomain 1B and 2B, respectively. The ADP moiety is located at the bottom of the cleft between subdomains 1A and 2A. However, only 1A can bind ADP. This cleft ...
... both a helicase-like strand-separating activity and strandannealing activity [31]. Both domains contain large insertion sequences that form subdomain 1B and 2B, respectively. The ADP moiety is located at the bottom of the cleft between subdomains 1A and 2A. However, only 1A can bind ADP. This cleft ...
Generalized Transduction by Phage P22 in Salmonella typhimurium. II. Mechanisms of Integration of Transducing DNA.
... greater than 2 to 4 x IO8daltons but substantially less than 27 x lo6 daltons, the molecularweightof the transducingDNA injectedinto the bacteria.The integrated largedouble strandfragmentsof transducingDNA can be detected in DNA isolated soon after transduction, but not in DNA isolated late after tr ...
... greater than 2 to 4 x IO8daltons but substantially less than 27 x lo6 daltons, the molecularweightof the transducingDNA injectedinto the bacteria.The integrated largedouble strandfragmentsof transducingDNA can be detected in DNA isolated soon after transduction, but not in DNA isolated late after tr ...
RCMT_Mapping_Overview_2012-0607
... Trypanosoma cruzi Ab Trypanosoma cruzi Ab.IgM Trypanosoma cruzi DNA ...
... Trypanosoma cruzi Ab Trypanosoma cruzi Ab.IgM Trypanosoma cruzi DNA ...
Analysis of Guanine Oxidation Products in Double
... containing Ghox ([C59H75N24O37P5] m/z 932.16785, calculated for [M–2H] 932.16228) was identified (Figure 1) in both products. Four oligomers containing Ghox, d(TGhoxGGGT), d(TGGhoxGGT), d(TGGGhoxGT), and d(TGGGGhoxT) were synthesized as standards [17], and HPLC analysis of the standards was performe ...
... containing Ghox ([C59H75N24O37P5] m/z 932.16785, calculated for [M–2H] 932.16228) was identified (Figure 1) in both products. Four oligomers containing Ghox, d(TGhoxGGGT), d(TGGhoxGGT), d(TGGGhoxGT), and d(TGGGGhoxT) were synthesized as standards [17], and HPLC analysis of the standards was performe ...
- PhagesDB
... Bacteriophage (often shorten to “phage”) are parasites specific to bacteria. Phages are viruses, ranging in size from 100 to 200 nm. As viruses, they are not susceptible to antibiotics. (Gonzaga University, 2013). Felix d’Herelle, one of the discovering scientists of Bacteriophage, named them phages ...
... Bacteriophage (often shorten to “phage”) are parasites specific to bacteria. Phages are viruses, ranging in size from 100 to 200 nm. As viruses, they are not susceptible to antibiotics. (Gonzaga University, 2013). Felix d’Herelle, one of the discovering scientists of Bacteriophage, named them phages ...
Characterization of bovine viral diarrhea viruses by their interactions
... these authors suggested that BVD agents could be classified as adenoviruses rather than myxovlruses which are also In a similar size range. Gillespie et al. (26) state: "Because virus diarrhea virus of cattle is ether susceptible. It would not currently be classified as an enterovirus even though it ...
... these authors suggested that BVD agents could be classified as adenoviruses rather than myxovlruses which are also In a similar size range. Gillespie et al. (26) state: "Because virus diarrhea virus of cattle is ether susceptible. It would not currently be classified as an enterovirus even though it ...
DNA virus
A DNA virus is a virus that has DNA as its genetic material and replicates using a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase. The nucleic acid is usually double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) but may also be single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). DNA viruses belong to either Group I or Group II of the Baltimore classification system for viruses. Single-stranded DNA is usually expanded to double-stranded in infected cells. Although Group VII viruses such as hepatitis B contain a DNA genome, they are not considered DNA viruses according to the Baltimore classification, but rather reverse transcribing viruses because they replicate through an RNA intermediate. Notable diseases like smallpox, herpes, and chickenpox are caused by such DNA viruses.