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Extra Credit questions – Section 4. 1. Describe how splicing of pre-mRNA leads to increased diversity and complexity within an organism. 2. Describe how the genetic code was cracked – how did scientists determine that the triplet codon was responsible for specifying a single amino acid in a protein? 3. Explain how DNA fingerprinting is used by forensic scientists to determine the identity of a criminal. Make sure to include a description of each scientific process used. 4. How was Dolly the sheep cloned? Why did she die so young? 5. Explain how the human genome was sequenced. Make sure to include a description of each scientific process used. What were some of the interesting pieces of information that came out of the human genome project? Whose DNA was used to sequence the genome? 6. What is microRNA? How is specifically generated in a cell? How does it exert its effects, and what are those effects?