Download 江 苏 大 学 试 题 (A)卷

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刘天磊
江 苏 大 学 试 题 (A)卷
（2014-2015 学年第 1 学期）
课程名称
《遗 传 学》
姓名
使用班级 生物技术 1201 级
题
号
得
分
一
二
三
四
五
开课学院
食品与生物工程学院
考试日期
2014 年 12 月 25 日
六
八
七
总分
核查人签名
学号
阅卷教师
1. Choose the phrase from the column B that best fits the term in the column A
( 10 scores).
Colum A
(a) auxotroph
(b) euploid
专业、班级
(c) gene pool
(d) genetic drift
(e) genotype frequency
(f) imprinting
(g) lysogeny
(h) phylogenies/gene tree/evolutionary tree
(i) transcription factors
学生所在学院
(j) transposon
Colum B
(1) a rearrangement that may involve an RNA intermediate
(2) an organism with complete sets of chromosomes
(3) chance fluctuations in allele frequency
(4) cis-acting regulatory elements
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(5) collection of alleles carried by all members of a population
(6) gene silencing that is heritable
(7) infection by phages in which lysis of cells releases new virus particles
(8) p2 and q2
(9) representation of evolutionary relationships
(10) requires supplements in medium for growth
2. Choice the option: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question
(10 scores）
2.1. A form of male sterility in corn exhibits non-Mendelian inheritance. Plants of a
male-sterile line crossed with pollen from a wild-type (not sterile) line give all
male-sterile plants. Some lines of corn carry a dominant allele of a different, nuclear
gene. This "restorer" (or Rf) allele restores pollen fertility in male-sterile lines. If a
male-sterile plant is crossed with pollen from a plant homozygous for Rf, what will
be the genotype and phenotype of the F1? Cytoplasmic genotype is indicated by [ ],
male-sterile cytoplasm is indicated by "ms", and normal cytoplasm is indicated by
"n".
A) rf/rf [ms]; male-sterile B) Rf/Rf [ms]; fertile
C) Rf/rf [n]; fertile
D) Rf/rf [ms]; fertile
E) Rf/rf [ms]; male-sterile
2.2. Evolutionary relationships can be used to construct a:
A) ribozyme
B) metazoan
C) phylogenetic tree
D) multigene family
E) molecular clock
2.3. Which molecule acts as an intermediary in the processing of the genetic
information?
A) DNA
B) RNA
C) proteins
D) fats and lipids
E) none of the above
2.4. In 1944, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty extended Griffith's experiments by
showing that the transformation activity of the purified "transforming principle" was
inactivated by __________:
A) Protease
B) DNase
C) RNase
D) ultracentrifugation
E) 2 and 3
2.5. Meiotic recombination involves the breakage and reunion of DNA molecules from:
A) homologous nonsister chromatids.
B) homologous sister chromatids.
C) maternal and paternal gametes
D) heterologous chromosomes
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E) none of the above
2.6. The hydrolysis of an -NH2 group from a base is called ________, while
intercalating agents such as proflavin function as mutagens by causing ________:
A) deamination; transversions
B) deamination; deletions or insertions
C) excision repair; deletions or insertions
D) excision repair; transversions
E) deletion; transitions
2.7. Ultraviolet radiation is most likely to produce what form of mutation?
A) deaminations
B) depurination
C) double-stranded breaks
D) thymine dimers E) oxidation damage
2.8. Errors in DNA replication are most often corrected by ______________.
A) SOS systems
B) Base excision repair
C) Nucleotide excision repair
D) Methyl-directed mismatch repair
E) None of the above
2.9. A mutation in the UvrC protein of E. coli would result in which of the following?
A) an increase in overall mutation rate
B) a decrease in overall mutation rate
C) an increase in transposition events
D) a decrease in transposition events
E) expansion of trinucleotide repeats
2.10. AUG is almost always the:
A) intron
B) exon
C) codon
D) anticodon
E) initiation codon
2.11. Which of these is not a characteristic of the genetic code?
A) the sequence is decoded 5' → 3'
B) the code is overlapping
C) the code is degenerate
D) the code is used by nearly all living organisms
2.12. Unequal crossing over may account for all of the following except:
A) deletions
B) microsatellites
C) minisatellites
D) duplications
E) SNPs
2.13. The origins of replication in yeast are known as:
A) centromeres
B) telomeres C) ARS
D) satellite DNA
E) G bands
D) translocation
E) transposition
2.14. A change resulting in net loss of DNA is:
A) inversion
B) duplication C) deletion
2.15. Which of the following are observable cytologically?
A) deletion loop B) inversion loop
E) all of the above
C) duplication loop
D) aneuploidy
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2.16. The term 2n-1 would apply to a _______ condition?
A) euploid
B) monosomic
C) trisomic D) tetrasomic E) none of the above
2.17. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Traits showing non-Mendelian extranuclear inheritance are almost inherited
from the mother.
B) The molecules used to carry out photosynthesis are encoded in nuclear DNA
and mitochondrial DNA.
C) cpDNA is found in the chloroplasts.
D) Molecular evidence suggests that DNA sequences may have been transferred
between mtDNA and nuclear DNA.
E) Variegated four o'clock leaves have white patches among the green areas due to
a mtDNA mutation that blocks electron transport.
2.18. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Mitochondrial inheritance shows Mendel's principle of independent assortment.
B) Mitochondrial genomes are relatively uniform in size.
C) The codon UGA specifies 'stop' in all compartments of a human cell.
D) The Trypanosoma kinetoplast is the site of RNA editing.
E) All of the above statements are false.
2.19. ___________ is probably derived from an ancestral cyanobacterium.
A) mtDNA
B) kDNA
C) nDNA
D) cpDNA
E) tRNA
2.20. Which are the least related in terms of human mtDNA sequence?
A) father and daughter
B) mother and son
C) nephew and maternal aunt
D) niece and maternal uncle
E) grandchild and maternal grandmother
3. Give exact Chinese terms for the following English terms (16 scores)
3.1. Gene conversion
3.2. Holliday intermediate
3.3. Conjugation
4.4. Prophage
3.5. Episome
3.6. Transduction
3.7. Transformation
3.8. Quantitative trait
3.9. Qualitative trait
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3.10. QTL
3.11. Gene pool
3.12. Genetic drift
3.13. Maternal Effects
3.14. Central dogma
3.15. Parental imprinting
3.16. Bookmarking
4. Hypothesis and principle (40 scores）
4.1.
List all major differences between (a) the F +
× F - and the Hfr
× F-
bacterial crosses; and (b) the F +, F-, Hfr, and F’ bacteria.
4.2. What are major points of the multiple-gene hypothesis to explain quantitative
trait?
4.3 Epigenetics focuses on uncovering the mechanism of the genetic information
which is not stocked in DNA sequences but can transfer to offspring or sister
cell, please describe the patterns through which organism sets up epigenetic
codes (epigenetic information).
4.4 To describe the characters of transposable elements according their classes.
5. Justify your answer based on the available information (24 scores）
5.1. In a transformation experiment, donor DNA was obtained from a prototroph
bacterial strain (a + b + c + ), and the recipient was a triple auxotroph (a - b - c - ).
What general conclusions can you draw about the linkage relationships among the
three genes from the following transformant classes that were recovered? (6
scores)
a+
b-
c-
180
a-
b+
c-
150
a+
b+
c-
210
a-
b-
c+
179
a+
b-
c+
2
a-
b+
c+
1
a+
b+
c+
3
5.2. Mutants 2 and 3 both are rII mutations in phage T4, they both can survive in E. coli
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B but not survive in E. K12. Following mixed infection on E. coli B, progeny
viruses were plated in a series of dilutions on both E. coli B and K12 with the
following results. What is the recombination frequency between the two mutants?
(4 scores)
Strain Plated
Dilution
Plaques
E. coli B
10 -5
2
E. coli K12
10 -1
5
5.3. You determine the following variance components for leaf width in a particular
species of plant:
Additive genetic variance (VA ) 4.0
Dominance genetic variance (VD ) 1.8
Epistatic variance (VI ) 0.5
Environmental variance (VE ) 2.5
Calculate the broad sense and narrow sense heritabilities
(6 scores)
5.4. A large, random mating population is started with the following proportion of
individuals for the indicated blood types:
0.5 MM
0.2 MN
0.3 NN
This blood type gene is autosomal and the M and N alleles are codominant.
a. Is this population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (4 scores)
b. What will be the allele and genotype frequencies after one generation under the
conditions assumed for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (2 scores)
c. What will be the allele and genotype frequencies after two generations under the
conditions assumed for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (2 scores)