The monogenic primary dystonias
... syndromes are monogenic dystonias without detectable neuroanatomical abnormalities but with additional neurological manifestations such as myoclonus and parkinsonism (Albanese et al.,
2006). A third group includes paroxysmal dyskinesias with
episodes of dystonic involvement and no gross neuropatholo ...
1. Ackerman A 1943 (Experiments to increase the yield from spring
... Bayles RA & Herron C 1986 Yellow rust of wheat. UK Cereal Pathogen Virulence Survey,
Annual Report, National Institute Agricultural Botany 15-20.
Bayles RA & Priestley RH 1983 Yellow rust of wheat. UK Cereal Pathogen Virulence
Survey. 1982 Annual Report, National Institute Agricultural Botany 27-36. ...
PCTpc201500834rar1_pap_plantcell 1..16
... showed normal fertility, indicating that the mutations are recessive. Progeny of plants heterozygous for either mutant allele
segregated mutant and normal phenotypes in a 1:3 ratio as expected for single Mendelian recessive mutations [cdc20.1-3,
44:141 for mutant/normal, r2(1:3) = 0.145, P > 0.5; cd ...
Arabidopsis Cell Division Cycle 20.1 Is Required for Normal Meiotic
... showed normal fertility, indicating that the mutations are recessive. Progeny of plants heterozygous for either mutant allele
segregated mutant and normal phenotypes in a 1:3 ratio as expected for single Mendelian recessive mutations [cdc20.1-3,
44:141 for mutant/normal, r2(1:3) = 0.145, P > 0.5; cd ...
ALLEN Developing Mouse Brain Atlas
... enable comparison of the two ontologies, a mapping between structures of the two ontologies has been made
available under supplementary material.
It is not possible to identify and annotate the brain uniformly down to the level of nuclei at the earliest ages of
embryonic development in this dataset, ...
as a PDF
... Evolutionary algorithms were not specifically designed as machine
learning techniques, like other approaches like neural networks
However, it is well known that a learning task can be modelled as
an optimization problem, and thus solved through evolution
Their powerful search in complex, ill-defined ...
Determining the Transcription Factor Genes Populating a Fruit Fly
... the instructions to make these traits are encoded in its DNA sequence. Since many
organisms share a considerable amount of the same genetic sequences, the question arises
as to how diverse traits are formed. One explanation is that diversity results from
variation in how genes are expressed, which h ...
Package `FCNN4R`
... • the first comment (beginning with #) is treated as network information (name) string,
• all other comments are ignored,
• network structure is represented by five block of numbers:
...
Modular Skeletal Evolution in Sticklebacks Is Controlled by Additive
... armor and trophic traits. We identify .100 quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the pattern of serially repeating skeletal elements, including gill
rakers, teeth, branchial bones, jaws, median fin spines, and vertebrae. We use this large collection of QTL to address long-standing questions
about ...
Yersinia pestis Biofilm in the Flea Vector and Its Role
... For many years, bacterial aggregation in the flea midgut and proventricular blockage
was attributed to a coagulase activity of the pPla-encoded Y. pestis plasminogen
activator (Pla). Although Pla acts to rapidly degrade fibrin clots at 37°C by activating plasminogen, at lower temperatures typical of ...
A Second Mechanism for Aluminum Resistance in Wheat Relies on
... encoded by the 4DL locus. This study was unable to
support an earlier report that phosphate efflux contributed to the Al resistance of Atlas 66 (Pellet et al.,
1996). More recently, a second quantitative trait locus
(QTL) for Al resistance in Atlas 66 was localized to the
long arm of chromosome 3B ( ...
Mutations affecting development of the notochord in zebrafish
... Johnson et al., 1994a; Roelink et al., 1994). Other peptide
growth factors, such as bone morphogenic proteins BMP-2 and
BMP-7 have also been found to be expressed in the notochord
(Lyons et al., 1995). Taken together these data point to the
importance of the notochord, not only for the structural
in ...
3 Ontological analogy: Genes and memes
... claim implied in drawing the analogy between nature and culture shifts from
the ‘blind watchmaker’ to ‘no one watching.’ Although there are many other
analogical applications of Darwinian thinking, I will only consider these two,
since they directly attack our traditional view of creativity and cult ...
PDF
... during embryogenesis, which, in Arabidopsis, is characterized by
highly reproducible cell division patterns (Fig. 1Q) (Jürgens and
Mayer, 1994). The apical-basal organization of the embryo is
initiated after the asymmetric division of the zygote. The large
basal cell will form the extra-embryonic su ...
Planning with Markov Decision Processes
... Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are widely popular in Artificial Intelligence for modeling sequential decision-making scenarios with probabilistic dynamics. They are the framework of choice
when designing an intelligent agent that needs to act for long periods of time in an environment
where its ac ...
Identification of Redeye, a new sleep-regulating protein whose
... Sleep is a common and prominent behavior in almost all vertebrate animals and also in most invertebrates (Cirelli, 2009; Sehgal and Mignot, 2011). The function of sleep is a mystery, but it is surely of
great importance to animals, as prolonged sleep deprivation can lead to death. Anatomical studies ...
Inconsistent Heuristics in Theory and Practice
... happens, then these nodes must be moved back to the open list, where they might be chosen for
expansion again. This phenomenon is known as node re-expansion. A* with an inconsistent heuristic may perform an exponential number of node re-expansions [32]. We present insights into this
phenomenon, show ...
The growth hormone auxin
... negative regulators
2. Mutations in Aux /IAA confer dominant auxin
resistance; probably increase the half-life of Aux
/IAA proteins
...
anatomical skin dimples
... Dimples are visiable identations of the skin and a dominant trait.
Anatomically, dimples may be caused by variations in the structure of the
some body tissue for example muscles, connective tissues, skin and
subcutaneous tissue. Dimples types of the human body: Fovea buccalis
(dimple of cheek), fove ...
Gene expression programming
In computer programming, gene expression programming (GEP) is an evolutionary algorithm that creates computer programs or models. These computer programs are complex tree structures that learn and adapt by changing their sizes, shapes, and composition, much like a living organism. And like living organisms, the computer programs of GEP are also encoded in simple linear chromosomes of fixed length. Thus, GEP is a genotype-phenotype system, benefiting from a simple genome to keep and transmit the genetic information and a complex phenotype to explore the environment and adapt to it.