Download Nervous System Outline

Nervous Unit Packet
Word part
Cerebell/o
Cerebr/o
Spin/o
IntraNeur/i, neur/o
Myel/o
Poly-
-um
Crani/o
-al
InterMening/o
-graphy
-itis
Vocabulary
Afferent
Brain stem
Sensory
Autonomic
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Cerebrospinal fluid
Dementia
Diencephalon
Efferent
Epilepsy
Impulse
Intracranial
Interneurons
Ischemia
Meninges
Myelography
Neurotransmitter
Neuron
Polarity
Polyneuritis
Reflex
Central nervous
system
Involuntary nerves
Brain and Nervous system: Mission Control (reading packet)
1.
How many impulses per second can a nerve send? (1 st page)
2.
A nerve cell can be described as a spider. Look at the
picture, what else does it look like?
3.
4.
(2nd pg, 2nd paragraph) The 12 million nerve cells are
described as a highway that are all connected. What child
hood game could you relate this to?
What is a funny bone???
5.
What part of your brain makes logical thought (don’t punch
that kid)
6.
Define reflex: think of this morning, did a reflex bypass
occur?
7.
Talk and give examples of the 3 types of memory
8.
Look at the last paragraph (Amazing facts) Which one is
your favorite. Can you add to them?
Label the structures of the neuron
Label the structures of the brain
1.
2.
6.
3.
7.
4.
8.
9.
5.
10.
Nervous System Outline
Nervous System Functions
-100 billion nerve cells
Neurons:
- Basic element of nervous system
- Separated by synapses
o
- Neurotransmitters
o
Neuron Parts
Cell Body
-
Dendrites
-
Axon
-
-
2 Basic Properties:
o Excitability

o Conductivity

Types of Neurons
Efferent (motor)
Afferent (sensory)
Interneurons
Neuroglias
o Permits some chemical substances to reach the brain’s neurons but blocks most others
Central Nervous System
-
Consists of:
o brain
o spinal cord
-
Center of Control
Functions
o Receives and interprets all stimuli
o Sends nerve impulses to instruct muscles and glands to take over or respond to certain action
o Causes voluntary and invulntary actions
Brain Divisions
Midbrain
Brainstem
- visual and auditory reflex
Pons
- controls certain respiratory functions (breathing)
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
-largest section
Diencephalon
Medulla Oblongata
-regulates heart and lung functions (BP, respiration)
-swallowing
-vomiting
-coughing
-sneezing
Coordinates musculoskeletal movements
-maintains balance
-posture
-muscle tone
2 Hemispheres
-left and right
Cerebral Cortex
- conscious decision making
Four Lobes
Moral behavior, voluntary motor movement, personality, memory, reasoning, emotion
Frontal
Controls and interprets senses and taste, understanding speech, choosing words
Parietal
Memory, equilibrium, emotion, hearing and understanding speech, memory of music, visual
Temporal
scenes
Occipital
Vision and interpretation
- Deep portion of brain
- Contains
-thalamus
-hypothalamus
- Relay center for sensations
- Controls
-heart rate
- BP
-temp
-water and electrolyte balance
- digestive functions
- glandular activities
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Spinal Cord
- Protected by
o
o
o
 3 layers of membranes that cover brain and spinal cord
Meninges
- Dura Mater (outer layer)
o
o
-
Arachnoid Mater (middle layer)
o
-
Pia Mater (innermost layer)
o
Peripheral Nervous System
-
12 Cranial Nerves
o
-
31 pairs of Spinal Nerves
o
2 Subsystems
Somatic
Autonomic
Sympathetic
- Fight or Flight response
Parasympathetic
-
Cranial nerves
#
Nerve
Function
Test
Health Concerns
Disease/Disorder
Alzheimer’s disease
Etiology
S/S
TX
Control symptoms, but no
cure
Cerbrovasuclar
accidents CVAs
Recover or cope, learn how
to walk again. . .
Down Syndrome
No cure
Encephalitis
Antibiotics, precaution to
reduce stimulation
Meningitis
Relieve symptoms,
antibiotics.
Parkinson’s disease
Drug therapy
Sciatica
Stretching, controlling the
pain
Surgical repair at birth
Spina bifida