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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Section 29 - 2: Neurons
Circle the letter of the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. A specialized cell that stores information and carries messages within the
nervous system and between other body systems is a(n)________.
a. cell body
b. axon
c. neuron
d. dendrite
2. A branchlike extension of the cytoplasm and the cell membrane that receives
messages from neighboring cells is a(n) ___________.
a. cell body
b. axon
c. neuron
d. dendrite
3. A long extension that carries electrical messages from one cell in the nervous
system to another cell is called a(n)____________.
a. cell body
b. axon
c. neuron
d. dendrite
Vocabulary Check
Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word or phrase that best matches
the description.
_______________ 12. the molecule that transmits a signal from one neuron
to another
_______________ 13. a gap between neurons
_______________ 14. end of an axon
_______________ 15. moving electrical impulse
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Holt McDougal Biology
1
Nervous and Endocrine Systems
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Study Guide A continued
Fill in the blanks in the Concept Map with the names of the different
types of neurons.
Neurons
types
4.
5.
6.
function
function
function
Detect stimuli;
transmit signals
to brain and spinal
cord
Make up brain and
spinal cord; receive
signals from sensory
neurons
Pass messages from
nervous system to
other body tissues
MAIN IDEA: Neurons receive and transmit signals.
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
Choose from the following terms: synapse, action potential, resting potential,
neurotransmitters, sodium-potassium pump.
7. The potential energy of an inactive neuron results from unequal concentrations
of ions inside and outside the cell. This potential energy is called a(n)
_____________________.
8. When a neuron is activated, a protein called the ____________________
uses energy to move sodium ions out of the cell and bring potassium ions into
the cell.
9. A(n) _____________________ is an electrical impulse that results from a
change in the distribution of charges across the cell membrane of a neuron.
This impulse requires gates in the cell membrane that open and close to
control the movement of ions.
10. The gap between neurons is called a(n) _____________________.
11. When a nerve impulse moves from one neuron to the next, vesicles filled with
chemicals called _____________________ are released
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Holt McDougal Biology
2
Nervous and Endocrine Systems
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Holt McDougal Biology
3
Nervous and Endocrine Systems