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Name: _______________________________________________ Date: _________________________ Block: ________
Unit 2 Reading Guide: PART I
Biology
Chapter 3 – Cell Structure and Function
PART I: Chapter 3 – Cell Structure and Function
Section 3.1 – Cell Theory
1. Who was the first person to observe cells?
2. State the three components of the cell theory.
3. What is an organelle?
4. What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? What are some similarities?
Section 3.2 – Cell Organelles
1. Describe the function of each of the following cell organelles.
a. Cytoskeleton:
b. Nucleus:
c. Endoplasmic reticulum:
d. Ribosome:
e. Golgi apparatus:
f.
Vesicle:
g. Mitochondrion:
h. Vacuole:
i.
Lysosome:
j.
Centriole:
k. Cell wall:
l.
Chloroplast:
Name: _______________________________________________ Date: _________________________ Block: ________
Unit 2 Reading Guide: PART II
Biology
Chapter 3 – Cell Structure and Function
Section 3.3 – Cell Membrane
1. Describe the function of the cell membrane.
2. Draw a phospholipid molecule and label its parts. Differentiate between the terms hydrophilic and hydrophobic,
labeling these areas on your drawing.
3. Describe the structure of the Fluid Mosaic Model (aka phospholipid bilayer). Why do phospholipids form a double
layer?
4. What does it mean for the cell membrane to be selectively permeable?
5. Describe what a membrane receptor is and how it transmits messages across membranes.
Section 3.4 – Diffusion and Osmosis
1. Describe what passive transport is. Is diffusion a form of passive transport? Explain.
2. Define concentration gradient. Draw a membrane with a concentration gradient where the molecules would move
from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell.
3. The process of diffusion can lead to equilibrium. How do we know when a system has reached equilibrium?
4. Explain osmosis. How does it relate to solute concentrations?
5. What is the difference between an isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solution?
6. Compare and contrast passive transport and facilitated diffusion.
Section 3.5 – Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis
1. List some similarities and differences between active transport and passive transport. Give an example of active
transport.
2. What structure is responsible for the movement of larger particles within the cell?
3. Explain the process of endocytosis and exocytosis.