BOOK_1_MCQs - WordPress.com
... 15. The part of Cinchona plant found suitable for the treatment of Malaria was: a. b. c. d. ...
... 15. The part of Cinchona plant found suitable for the treatment of Malaria was: a. b. c. d. ...
Ma et al 2009 - HKUST Institutional Repository
... In zebrafish, the Blastula Period, which runs from the 128-cell stage to ~50% epiboly (i.e., ~2.25 – 5.25 hpf), has been described as a stage of “regional specification”, during which several key developmental events take place (Kane and Warga, 2004). Several imaging techniques have been used to vis ...
... In zebrafish, the Blastula Period, which runs from the 128-cell stage to ~50% epiboly (i.e., ~2.25 – 5.25 hpf), has been described as a stage of “regional specification”, during which several key developmental events take place (Kane and Warga, 2004). Several imaging techniques have been used to vis ...
Redefining the role of ectoderm in somitogenesis
... Enzymatic PSM isolation using pancreatin or dispase destroys the surrounding fibronectin matrix Immunoreactivity for fibronectin was observed in embryo sections around the PSM and epithelial somites, as previously reported (Duband et al., 1987; Ostrovsky et al., 1983), and short strands of fibronect ...
... Enzymatic PSM isolation using pancreatin or dispase destroys the surrounding fibronectin matrix Immunoreactivity for fibronectin was observed in embryo sections around the PSM and epithelial somites, as previously reported (Duband et al., 1987; Ostrovsky et al., 1983), and short strands of fibronect ...
Arabidopsis Formin3 Directs the Formation of Actin
... Cardenas et al., 2008). The actin cables, generally staying away from the apical region, have been proposed to regulate the cytoplasmic streaming, which occurs in the reverse fountain pattern (i.e., moving down toward the apex along the tube cortex and back in the center of the cell once reaching th ...
... Cardenas et al., 2008). The actin cables, generally staying away from the apical region, have been proposed to regulate the cytoplasmic streaming, which occurs in the reverse fountain pattern (i.e., moving down toward the apex along the tube cortex and back in the center of the cell once reaching th ...
an expanded role for the twn1 gene in
... result, the twn2 EP degenerates early in development, but suspensor cells survive, enter into embryogenic development, and form one or more embryos (Zhang and Somerville, 1997). It is clear from the sus, rsp, and twn2 phenotypes that cells of the suspensor have embryogenic potential, and that this p ...
... result, the twn2 EP degenerates early in development, but suspensor cells survive, enter into embryogenic development, and form one or more embryos (Zhang and Somerville, 1997). It is clear from the sus, rsp, and twn2 phenotypes that cells of the suspensor have embryogenic potential, and that this p ...
PDF - Blood Journal
... megakaryocytes is complex. Studies of human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells, megakaryocyte-lineage cells derived from peripheral blood progenitor cells of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and CHO and HEK293 cell lines transfected with ␣IIb and 3 cDNAs have provided the following model. ...
... megakaryocytes is complex. Studies of human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells, megakaryocyte-lineage cells derived from peripheral blood progenitor cells of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and CHO and HEK293 cell lines transfected with ␣IIb and 3 cDNAs have provided the following model. ...
Auxin: The Growth Hormone - Roberto Cezar | Fisiologista Vegetal
... light (see Chapter 18). If illuminated on one side with a short pulse of dim blue light, they will bend (grow) toward the source of the light pulse within an hour. The Darwins found that the tip of the coleoptile perceived the light, for if they covered the tip with foil, the coleoptile would not be ...
... light (see Chapter 18). If illuminated on one side with a short pulse of dim blue light, they will bend (grow) toward the source of the light pulse within an hour. The Darwins found that the tip of the coleoptile perceived the light, for if they covered the tip with foil, the coleoptile would not be ...
Cellulose Biosynthesis: Current Views and
... Acetobacter xylinum, a bacterium that normally produces cellulose I. The glucan chain arrangement in cellulose II is antiparallel, and this may take place as a result of chain folding during synthesis as demonstrated in A. xylinum (Kuga et al., 1993). An additional hydrogen bond per glucose residue ...
... Acetobacter xylinum, a bacterium that normally produces cellulose I. The glucan chain arrangement in cellulose II is antiparallel, and this may take place as a result of chain folding during synthesis as demonstrated in A. xylinum (Kuga et al., 1993). An additional hydrogen bond per glucose residue ...
Auxin transport routes in plant development
... The plant hormone auxin (the predominant form of which is indole3-acetic acid; IAA) is a major coordinating signal in the regulation of plant development. Many aspects of auxin action depend on its differential distribution within plant tissues, where it forms local maxima or gradients between cells ...
... The plant hormone auxin (the predominant form of which is indole3-acetic acid; IAA) is a major coordinating signal in the regulation of plant development. Many aspects of auxin action depend on its differential distribution within plant tissues, where it forms local maxima or gradients between cells ...
2004__MORRIS_et_al_Transpor... - Institute of Experimental Botany
... delivered by the phloem to sink tissues is considerable. Consequently, the high concentration of IAA detected in young (sink) leaves at the shoot apex (often uncritically assumed to indicate high rates of local biosynthesis of IAA) results from both local synthesis (47) and IAA accumulation followin ...
... delivered by the phloem to sink tissues is considerable. Consequently, the high concentration of IAA detected in young (sink) leaves at the shoot apex (often uncritically assumed to indicate high rates of local biosynthesis of IAA) results from both local synthesis (47) and IAA accumulation followin ...
Human Eosinophils from Transport-Mediated Release of Preformed
... transcription, nor cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, suppressed eosinophil IL-4 release induced by IL-5/eotaxin (Fig. 2B). Therefore, the mechanisms underlying IL-5/eotaxin-elicited IL-4 release are not likely to require either the new synthesis of IL-4 or of other proteins that contribu ...
... transcription, nor cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, suppressed eosinophil IL-4 release induced by IL-5/eotaxin (Fig. 2B). Therefore, the mechanisms underlying IL-5/eotaxin-elicited IL-4 release are not likely to require either the new synthesis of IL-4 or of other proteins that contribu ...
Endocytosis, Recycling, and Regulated Exocytosis of Glucose
... recycled back to the PM.5 Both arms of this process are subject to regulation by physiological demands. Most of our knowledge of the routes and rates of GLUT4 traffic derives from three cellular systems: primary rat adipocytes, cultures of 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes, and cultures of rat L6 skeletal muscl ...
... recycled back to the PM.5 Both arms of this process are subject to regulation by physiological demands. Most of our knowledge of the routes and rates of GLUT4 traffic derives from three cellular systems: primary rat adipocytes, cultures of 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes, and cultures of rat L6 skeletal muscl ...
Calcium and Plant Development - Labs
... A revolution is occurring in our thinking about the physiology and development ...
... A revolution is occurring in our thinking about the physiology and development ...
Paramecium - tekkieoldteacher
... µm in length, depending on species. Simple cilia cover the body which allow the cell to move with a synchronous motion. There is also a deep oral groove containing inconspicuous compound oral cilia (as found in other peniculids) that is used to draw food inside. They generally feed upon bacteria and ...
... µm in length, depending on species. Simple cilia cover the body which allow the cell to move with a synchronous motion. There is also a deep oral groove containing inconspicuous compound oral cilia (as found in other peniculids) that is used to draw food inside. They generally feed upon bacteria and ...
The Neuronal Endomembrane System
... 1981; Hammerschlag et al., 1982). This indicated that structural integrity of the Golgi apparatus was essential for initiation. Histochemical investigations of bullfrog spinal ganglia exposed to these treatments were undertaken in an effort to define more carefully the actions of cobalt and monensin ...
... 1981; Hammerschlag et al., 1982). This indicated that structural integrity of the Golgi apparatus was essential for initiation. Histochemical investigations of bullfrog spinal ganglia exposed to these treatments were undertaken in an effort to define more carefully the actions of cobalt and monensin ...
The functional relationship between ectodermal and mesodermal
... segmentation requires the ectoderm. As only morphological segmentation was examined, however, mesoderm in ectoderm-ablated embryos could still have segmental pattern on a molecular level. The trait of segmentation in vertebrates and arthropods has been proposed to be inherited from a common, segment ...
... segmentation requires the ectoderm. As only morphological segmentation was examined, however, mesoderm in ectoderm-ablated embryos could still have segmental pattern on a molecular level. The trait of segmentation in vertebrates and arthropods has been proposed to be inherited from a common, segment ...
Stepwise Activation of BAX and BAK by tBID, BIM, and PUMA
... caspase-independent mitochondrial dysfunction (Cheng et al., 2001). The BCL-2 family proteins control a crucial checkpoint of apoptosis at the mitochondria (Cory and Adams, 2002; Korsmeyer et al., 2000). Multidomain proapoptotic BAX and BAK are essential effectors responsible for the permeabilizatio ...
... caspase-independent mitochondrial dysfunction (Cheng et al., 2001). The BCL-2 family proteins control a crucial checkpoint of apoptosis at the mitochondria (Cory and Adams, 2002; Korsmeyer et al., 2000). Multidomain proapoptotic BAX and BAK are essential effectors responsible for the permeabilizatio ...
Leukocyte lipid bodies — Biogenesis and functions in inflammation
... initially attractive hypothetical mechanism for cytosolic proteins (e.g., 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) involved in eicosanoid metabolism to function at lipid bodies was to have these membrane-active proteins “translocate” to the peripheral membrane of lipid bodies. Of no ...
... initially attractive hypothetical mechanism for cytosolic proteins (e.g., 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) involved in eicosanoid metabolism to function at lipid bodies was to have these membrane-active proteins “translocate” to the peripheral membrane of lipid bodies. Of no ...
The RING Domain of Mdm2 Can Inhibit Cell
... Deleted sequences within Mdm2 variants are shown as lines. Cellular localization of full-length Mdm2 and each variant was determined by indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody against Mdm2 (2A10). ND, undetermined. B, primary MEFs at early passage were infected with a control retrovir ...
... Deleted sequences within Mdm2 variants are shown as lines. Cellular localization of full-length Mdm2 and each variant was determined by indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody against Mdm2 (2A10). ND, undetermined. B, primary MEFs at early passage were infected with a control retrovir ...
Interleukin 12 p40 Production by Barrier Epithelial Cells during
... in innate immunity. This possibility derived from the observation that the immune cell response to inhaled agents was directed to the airway epithelium and the subsequent evidence that local factors generated by the airway epithe- ...
... in innate immunity. This possibility derived from the observation that the immune cell response to inhaled agents was directed to the airway epithelium and the subsequent evidence that local factors generated by the airway epithe- ...
Calcium at Fertilization and in Early Development
... oocytes has been comprehensively summarized and critically reviewed (522). I will therefore not discuss these data exhaustively, instead making only crucial comparisons where they can help build a general framework for understanding the causes and consequences of the calcium signals from a perspecti ...
... oocytes has been comprehensively summarized and critically reviewed (522). I will therefore not discuss these data exhaustively, instead making only crucial comparisons where they can help build a general framework for understanding the causes and consequences of the calcium signals from a perspecti ...
Differential recruitment of Dishevelled provides signaling specificity
... of the Wnt1 pathway (Zeng et al. 1997). The second contains a PDZ domain (Ponting et al. 1997); PDZ domains recognize and bind short motifs at the carboxyl termini of proteins (but may bind other motifs as well). PDZ domains can also form dimers. The third domain, called DEP, is conserved among a se ...
... of the Wnt1 pathway (Zeng et al. 1997). The second contains a PDZ domain (Ponting et al. 1997); PDZ domains recognize and bind short motifs at the carboxyl termini of proteins (but may bind other motifs as well). PDZ domains can also form dimers. The third domain, called DEP, is conserved among a se ...
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[pdf]
... in human 293T cells impedes the Cdh1-dependent degradation of the APC/C substrates geminin, Plk1, and securinDD (Figure 1E). Moreover, injection of ubi-R11 into X. tropicalis embryos delays early cell divisions and results in death of injected embryos before gastrulation (Figures 1F and 1G). These p ...
... in human 293T cells impedes the Cdh1-dependent degradation of the APC/C substrates geminin, Plk1, and securinDD (Figure 1E). Moreover, injection of ubi-R11 into X. tropicalis embryos delays early cell divisions and results in death of injected embryos before gastrulation (Figures 1F and 1G). These p ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.