Download The Cell Study Guide Vocabulary: Cell theory Cytoplasm Organelle

The Cell Study Guide
Vocabulary:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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9.
Cell theory
Cytoplasm
Organelle
Prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Endoplasmic
reticulum
(smooth and
rough)
Ribosome
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Golgi apparatus
Vesicle
Mitochondrion
Vacuole
Lysosome
Centriole
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Cell membrane
Phospholipid
Fluid mosaic
model
21. Selective
permeability
22. Intracellular
receptor
23. Membrane
receptor
24. Passive transport
25. Diffusion
26. Concentration
gradient
27. Osmosis
28. Isotonic
29. Hypertonic
30. Hypotonic
31. Facilitated
diffusion
32. Active transport
33. Endocytosis
34. Phagocytosis
35. Exocytosis
Cell Theory (section 3.1)
1.
Know the 3 parts of the cell theory and the scientists that contributed to it.
Cell Organelles (section 3.2)
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3.
Be able to describe the internal structure of eukaryotic cells.
Summarize the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells.
Know how organelles can work together as a system. For example, ribosomes are made in the nucleolus, they
exit through the pores in the nucleus and are found in the RER. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis,
where amino acids are linked to form protein (by peptide bonds). The ER can pinch off, creating a vesicle
around the protein. The vesicle—wrapped protein travels to the golgi body where the protein is processed,
sorted, and/or stored.
Cell Membrane (section 3.3)
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Know the cell membrane and the components that make it up.
Be able to describe the structure of the membrane, using terms such as polarity, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic.
Be able to properly draw and label the fluid mosaic model.
Know the difference between and intracellular receptor and a membrane receptor.
How are chemical signals sent or received?
Diffusion and Osmosis (section 3.4)
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Why do materials move across a membrane?
Describe passive transport.
Distinguish between osmosis, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion. Also, know why these are considered to be
passive transport.
Explain what a concentration gradient is.
Know the 3 types of solutions, and how a cell is affected by each.
Active Transport, Endosytosis, and Exocytosis (section 3.5)
1.
2.
3.
Describe active transport.
Distinguish among endocytosis, phagosytosis, and exocytosis.
What must be used to transport materials that cannot diffuse across the membrane (this is the major difference
between active and passive transport).