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Download The Cell Study Guide Vocabulary: Cell theory Cytoplasm Organelle
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Transcript
The Cell Study Guide Vocabulary: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Cell theory Cytoplasm Organelle Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell Cytoskeleton Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) Ribosome 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Golgi apparatus Vesicle Mitochondrion Vacuole Lysosome Centriole Cell wall Chloroplast Cell membrane Phospholipid Fluid mosaic model 21. Selective permeability 22. Intracellular receptor 23. Membrane receptor 24. Passive transport 25. Diffusion 26. Concentration gradient 27. Osmosis 28. Isotonic 29. Hypertonic 30. Hypotonic 31. Facilitated diffusion 32. Active transport 33. Endocytosis 34. Phagocytosis 35. Exocytosis Cell Theory (section 3.1) 1. Know the 3 parts of the cell theory and the scientists that contributed to it. Cell Organelles (section 3.2) 1. 2. 3. Be able to describe the internal structure of eukaryotic cells. Summarize the functions of organelles in plant and animal cells. Know how organelles can work together as a system. For example, ribosomes are made in the nucleolus, they exit through the pores in the nucleus and are found in the RER. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, where amino acids are linked to form protein (by peptide bonds). The ER can pinch off, creating a vesicle around the protein. The vesicle—wrapped protein travels to the golgi body where the protein is processed, sorted, and/or stored. Cell Membrane (section 3.3) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Know the cell membrane and the components that make it up. Be able to describe the structure of the membrane, using terms such as polarity, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic. Be able to properly draw and label the fluid mosaic model. Know the difference between and intracellular receptor and a membrane receptor. How are chemical signals sent or received? Diffusion and Osmosis (section 3.4) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Why do materials move across a membrane? Describe passive transport. Distinguish between osmosis, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion. Also, know why these are considered to be passive transport. Explain what a concentration gradient is. Know the 3 types of solutions, and how a cell is affected by each. Active Transport, Endosytosis, and Exocytosis (section 3.5) 1. 2. 3. Describe active transport. Distinguish among endocytosis, phagosytosis, and exocytosis. What must be used to transport materials that cannot diffuse across the membrane (this is the major difference between active and passive transport).