BOOK_1_MCQs - WordPress.com
... 7. The statement made by a scientist, which may be the possible answer to the problem. 2. It is the study of fossils and their relationship to the evolution of life on earth: a. b. c. d. ...
... 7. The statement made by a scientist, which may be the possible answer to the problem. 2. It is the study of fossils and their relationship to the evolution of life on earth: a. b. c. d. ...
Human ligaments classification: a new proposal
... Ligaments passing over joints or located adjacent to them are called “motor or articular ligaments”. It is difficult to determine the total number of “motor ligaments”, because of the inconstant existence of most of them (e.g. the intra-articular sternocostal ligaments are usually located at the sec ...
... Ligaments passing over joints or located adjacent to them are called “motor or articular ligaments”. It is difficult to determine the total number of “motor ligaments”, because of the inconstant existence of most of them (e.g. the intra-articular sternocostal ligaments are usually located at the sec ...
Human ligaments classification: a new proposal
... Ligaments passing over joints or located adjacent to them are called “motor or articular ligaments”. It is difficult to determine the total number of “motor ligaments”, because of the inconstant existence of most of them (e.g. the intra-articular sternocostal ligaments are usually located at the sec ...
... Ligaments passing over joints or located adjacent to them are called “motor or articular ligaments”. It is difficult to determine the total number of “motor ligaments”, because of the inconstant existence of most of them (e.g. the intra-articular sternocostal ligaments are usually located at the sec ...
The interaction between bacteria and bile
... primarily attributable to the osmotic activity of the inorganic ions [3,5]. The major function of bile in vivo is to act as a biological detergent which emulsifies and solubilizes fats. This also confers potent antimicrobial properties on bile and gives it an important role in the bodyÕs physicochemi ...
... primarily attributable to the osmotic activity of the inorganic ions [3,5]. The major function of bile in vivo is to act as a biological detergent which emulsifies and solubilizes fats. This also confers potent antimicrobial properties on bile and gives it an important role in the bodyÕs physicochemi ...
Excitation-contraction Coupling in the Heart and the Negative
... Ca2⫹ sparks as well as individual spark amplitude. Ca2⫹ Transport Systems The increase in cytosolic [Ca2⫹] and the accompanying force development after electrical activation is transient because Ca2⫹ is rapidly removed from the cytosol after release. There are four main Ca2⫹ transport systems that r ...
... Ca2⫹ sparks as well as individual spark amplitude. Ca2⫹ Transport Systems The increase in cytosolic [Ca2⫹] and the accompanying force development after electrical activation is transient because Ca2⫹ is rapidly removed from the cytosol after release. There are four main Ca2⫹ transport systems that r ...
Vitreous and Developmental Vitreoretinopathies
... the basal lamina of Müller cells (62,63) (Fig. 3.6) (see also Chapter 4). The ILL is composed of type IV collagen closely associated with glycoproteins (64–66). Immediately adjacent to the Müller cells is the lamina rara, which is 0.03 to 0.06 µm thick and demonstrates no species variations nor chan ...
... the basal lamina of Müller cells (62,63) (Fig. 3.6) (see also Chapter 4). The ILL is composed of type IV collagen closely associated with glycoproteins (64–66). Immediately adjacent to the Müller cells is the lamina rara, which is 0.03 to 0.06 µm thick and demonstrates no species variations nor chan ...
Aqua-BioSci. Monogr. (ABSM), Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 1–57 (2008)
... to investigate eel liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and lipoprotein synthesis and methods for preparation are described. A novel phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) synthesis pathway from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis in eel liver was elucidated and PEP synthesis pathways in eel, rat ...
... to investigate eel liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and lipoprotein synthesis and methods for preparation are described. A novel phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) synthesis pathway from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis in eel liver was elucidated and PEP synthesis pathways in eel, rat ...
Calcium Signals from the Vacuole
... exchangers maintain the Ca2+ concentration gradient between cytosol and vacuole, and can contribute to restoring low [Ca2+]cyt. The last part of this review will summarize recently emerging knowledge about how vacuolar Ca2+ pumps may shape cytosolic [Ca2+] transients. For further information the rea ...
... exchangers maintain the Ca2+ concentration gradient between cytosol and vacuole, and can contribute to restoring low [Ca2+]cyt. The last part of this review will summarize recently emerging knowledge about how vacuolar Ca2+ pumps may shape cytosolic [Ca2+] transients. For further information the rea ...
C/EBPα triggers proteasome‐dependent degradation of cdk4 during
... key kinases that drive cell-cycle progression, cdk2 and cdk4, and inhibits their activities through direct interaction (Wang et al., 2001). A detailed analysis of cdk4 in livers of wild-type and C/EBPa-knockout animals indicated a complex regulation of cdk4 by C/EBPa. In addition to the direct inhib ...
... key kinases that drive cell-cycle progression, cdk2 and cdk4, and inhibits their activities through direct interaction (Wang et al., 2001). A detailed analysis of cdk4 in livers of wild-type and C/EBPa-knockout animals indicated a complex regulation of cdk4 by C/EBPa. In addition to the direct inhib ...
Receptor-like activity evoked by extracellular ADP in Arabidopsis
... shown to stimulate root hair elongation (Lew and Dearnaley, 2000). In common with extracellular ATP, it is now known that extracellular ADP has a biphasic effect on cotton fibre and root hair elongation with high concentrations being inhibitory (Clark et al., 2010a, b). Arabidopsis root epidermal ce ...
... shown to stimulate root hair elongation (Lew and Dearnaley, 2000). In common with extracellular ATP, it is now known that extracellular ADP has a biphasic effect on cotton fibre and root hair elongation with high concentrations being inhibitory (Clark et al., 2010a, b). Arabidopsis root epidermal ce ...
The cell biology of major histocompatibility complex class
... luminal domains of tapasin interact with two solvent-exposed regions in the ER luminal domains of MHC I molecules. One region comprises a beta strand in the alpha 3 domain (residues 222–227/229), which is also the binding site for the CD8 co-receptor (11–13). The second binding site is a loop in the ...
... luminal domains of tapasin interact with two solvent-exposed regions in the ER luminal domains of MHC I molecules. One region comprises a beta strand in the alpha 3 domain (residues 222–227/229), which is also the binding site for the CD8 co-receptor (11–13). The second binding site is a loop in the ...
Calcium and Plant Development - Labs
... change in its concentration. At an elevated level Ca2+ binds either directly to a protein-response element or it binds to the modulator protein calmodulin (CaM) . In the second example the Ca2+ -CaM complex binds to the response element. In either example a conformational change is induced in the re ...
... change in its concentration. At an elevated level Ca2+ binds either directly to a protein-response element or it binds to the modulator protein calmodulin (CaM) . In the second example the Ca2+ -CaM complex binds to the response element. In either example a conformational change is induced in the re ...
Paramecium - tekkieoldteacher
... group (family) of similar living micro-organisms. Microorganism means they are a very small living cell. You might be able to see one as a tiny moving speck if your eyesight is extremely good but for any detail at all you need a microscope to look at and study them. They are about .02 inches long (. ...
... group (family) of similar living micro-organisms. Microorganism means they are a very small living cell. You might be able to see one as a tiny moving speck if your eyesight is extremely good but for any detail at all you need a microscope to look at and study them. They are about .02 inches long (. ...
Plakoglobin domains that define its association with the
... intermediate filament cytoskeleton. A short stretch of 37 amino acids in the C terminus of desmocollin-1 was recently shown by Troyanovsky et al. (1994a) to be necessary for it to associate with plakoglobin and to recruit intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane. Using similar experiments, they ...
... intermediate filament cytoskeleton. A short stretch of 37 amino acids in the C terminus of desmocollin-1 was recently shown by Troyanovsky et al. (1994a) to be necessary for it to associate with plakoglobin and to recruit intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane. Using similar experiments, they ...
Pathways of NeurSospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiaet
... mM for the N. crassa enzyme. They are also high for the S. (ereviisiae enzyme (258), although specific values have not been reported. The unusually high pH optimum and high substrate requirements of the enzyme may be related to its location within the small volume of the mitochondria, where it is lo ...
... mM for the N. crassa enzyme. They are also high for the S. (ereviisiae enzyme (258), although specific values have not been reported. The unusually high pH optimum and high substrate requirements of the enzyme may be related to its location within the small volume of the mitochondria, where it is lo ...
Actin as target for modification by bacterial protein toxins
... basis for force generation [23,24]. The critical concentrations for the barbed end Ccb and pointed end Ccp are 0.1 and 0.8 lm, respectively. Under polymerizing conditions the critical concentration of polymerization Cc is 0.2 lm, i.e. closer to that of the barbed end [24]. Actin is one of the most h ...
... basis for force generation [23,24]. The critical concentrations for the barbed end Ccb and pointed end Ccp are 0.1 and 0.8 lm, respectively. Under polymerizing conditions the critical concentration of polymerization Cc is 0.2 lm, i.e. closer to that of the barbed end [24]. Actin is one of the most h ...
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... transport activity in freshly isolated oocytes and preimplantation mouse embryos at stages from GV oocyte through to blastocyst by measuring the total rate of uptake of [3H]glycine and subtracting the rate of uptake in the presence of the GLYT1specific inhibitor, ORG23798 (Fig. 1A,B). Specific GLYT1 ...
... transport activity in freshly isolated oocytes and preimplantation mouse embryos at stages from GV oocyte through to blastocyst by measuring the total rate of uptake of [3H]glycine and subtracting the rate of uptake in the presence of the GLYT1specific inhibitor, ORG23798 (Fig. 1A,B). Specific GLYT1 ...
Stepwise Activation of BAX and BAK by tBID, BIM, and PUMA
... the conformational change associated with mitochondrial targeting rather than homo-oligomerization. More importantly, our data indicate that mitochondrial targeting and homo-oligomerization are two separable, distinct steps of BAX activation. Homo-oligomerization of BAX is apparently not required fo ...
... the conformational change associated with mitochondrial targeting rather than homo-oligomerization. More importantly, our data indicate that mitochondrial targeting and homo-oligomerization are two separable, distinct steps of BAX activation. Homo-oligomerization of BAX is apparently not required fo ...
The network of calcium regulation in muscle
... Ca2+ has been demonstrated in virtually all living cells and all cellular compartments, in processes as diverse as cell division, cellular motility, hormone secretion, intermediary metabolism, neural activity, protein trafficking, gene expression, developmental regulation and apoptosis (Berridge et ...
... Ca2+ has been demonstrated in virtually all living cells and all cellular compartments, in processes as diverse as cell division, cellular motility, hormone secretion, intermediary metabolism, neural activity, protein trafficking, gene expression, developmental regulation and apoptosis (Berridge et ...
Muscle
... system, hormones, autocrine/paracrine agents, and other local chemical signals control smooth muscle contraction. Some smooth muscles contract autonomously, however, even in the absence of such signals. In contrast to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle is not normally under voluntary control. Cardiac mu ...
... system, hormones, autocrine/paracrine agents, and other local chemical signals control smooth muscle contraction. Some smooth muscles contract autonomously, however, even in the absence of such signals. In contrast to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle is not normally under voluntary control. Cardiac mu ...