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Manipulating DNA Chapter 13 Section 2 and 4 How are changes made to DNA? • Scientists use their knowledge of the structure of DNA and its chemical properties to study and change DNA molecules. • Making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called genetic engineering. (test question) Knowing the sequence of an organisms DNA allow researchers to study specific genes (test question) gene transfer •During transformation, a cell incorporates DNA from outside the cell into its own DNA Recombinant DNA • The joining together of genetic material from two (or more) different organisms. • Transgenic Microorganisms are Bacteria transformed with the genes for human proteins These now produce important compounds cheaply and in great abundance: Insulin, growth hormone, and clotting factor • In the future, transgenic microorganisms may produce substances designed to fight cancer, as well as the raw materials for plastics and synthetic fibers. • A Transgenic Tobacco Plant Genetic engineering has changed the way we interact with living things. This transgenic tobacco plant, which glows in the dark, was grown from a tobacco cell transformed with the firefly luciferase gene. The plant illustrates how DNA from one organism contains information that can specify traits in another organism. Assignment: •Page 329 1-3 •Page 333 1-4