* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Organelles
Survey
Document related concepts
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Programmed cell death wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Parts of the Cell Prokaryotic Cells Pili: attachment structures on the surface of some prokaryotes Nucleoid: region where the cell’s DNA is located (not enclosed by a membrane) Ribosomes: organelles that synthesize proteins Bacterial chromosome (a) A typical rod-shaped bacterium Plasma membrane: membrane enclosing the cytoplasm Cell wall: rigid structure outside the plasma membrane Capsule: jelly-like outer coating of many prokaryotes 0.5 µm Flagella: locomotion organelles of some bacteria (b) A thin section through the bacterium Bacillus coagulans (TEM) Animal Cell • Cell Membrane • Various Shapes • Obtain Energy Plant Cell • Cell Membrane & Cell Wall • Boxlike • Photosynthesis • Chlorophyll • Animal Cell Does Not have a Cell Wall Organelles • Parts of the cell • Cytoplasm- Fluid outside of the nucleus containing organelles. Nucleus • Control center of the cell containing the DNA & Chromosomes. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • Highway system for moving information from the nucleus. 2 Types of ER 1. Rough- has ribosomes 2. Smooth- lacks Ribosomes Ribosomes • Place where proteins are made. Golgi Apparatus • “Shipping & Receiving Center” • Takes proteins from ribosome and ships them to the parts of the cell they are needed. Moving Information in the Cell • 1. Nucleus (DNA/RNA) • 2. ER • 3. Ribosomes • 4. Golgi • 5. Cell Lysosome • “Cleanup Crew/Janitor” removes waste from the cell. Vacuoles • Cellular Storage unit • Animal Cells- stores energy • Plants Cells- stores water Mitochondria • “Power Plant” makes the energy in animal cells (ATP) • Cell Respiration Chloroplast • Only in Plant Cells. • Collects sunlight in plants for photosynthesis. Cilia and Flagella • Cilia- short hairlike projections, used for movement • Flagella- tail like structure used for movement Cytoskeleton • Network of protein filaments that help maintain cell shape and are involved in movement • 2 filaments that make up cytoskeleton • Microfilament- threadlike structure made of a protein called ACTIN that aid in movement • Microtubules- Hollow structures made up of proteins known as tubulins used to maintain shape. Important in cell division where they form mitotic spindles (Cilia and flagella) Centrioles • Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division. • NOT FOUND IN PLANT CELS!!! Boundaries of the Cell Cell Membrane Outer boundary of animal cells Cell Wall Outer boundary of plant cells Lipid Bilayer • Double layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes. Provides a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings.