Download Section 7.3

Eukaryotic Cell
Structure
 Cell
wall
 Rigid structure located outside the
plasma membrane
 Provides support and protection
 Made of cellulose
 Allows materials to pass through it
but not selectively like plasma
membrane
Nucleus-
(the leader)
 Control
center for the cell
 Directs protein production
 Contains chromatin
Strands of DNA (the blueprint)
 Forms chromosomes when cell
divides

 Nucleolus

Located within nucleus and
produces ribosomes
 Cytoplasm
 Clear
fluid inside the cell
 Suspends the cell’s organelles
 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
 Site for cellular chemical reaction
 A workspace
 Also serves as a transport systems
to move things around the cell
 Ribosomes
attach to the ER in
areas called rough ER.
 Here they produce proteins
 Areas
that don’t have
ribosomes are called smooth
ER
 Shaped
like a stack of pancakes
 Sort and package proteins to be sent to other
parts of the cell
 Like
mail being sorted at a post office
 Vacuoles
 Storage
vessels for the cell
 Sack surrounded by a membrane
 Plant cells have much larger water
vacuoles than animal cells
 Lysosomes
 Contain
digestive enzymes
 Digest excess or worn out
organelles
 Also digest food particles, bacteria
etc.
 Can fuse with a vacuole and dump
its enzymes into it.
 Chloroplasts


Found in plant cells
Site of photosynthesis


Capture light energy and change it to chemical energy
Contain chlorophyll

Green pigment that traps energy from the sun
 Mitochondria


The powerhouse of the cell
Site of respiration


Inner membrane is highly folded


Breaking down of food we eat to produce energy
 In the form of ATP
Gives more surface area for more chemical reactions
to take place
Cells that require more energy have more
mitochondria

Ie. Muscle cells
 Cytoskeleton
Made of rods and filaments that form a
framework for the cell
 Unlike your bones, it is always changing form
 Cilia and flagella
 Structures used for locomotion
 Hair-like
 Cilia are usually short, flagella are longer
 Made of microtubules
 Thin hollow cylinders made of protein
