Download WWTBAM Review C8 test - Week of 1/12-1/15

WHO WANTS TO
BE A
MILLIONAIRE?
Chapter 8
#1
Which result of Frederick Griffith’s
experiments led him to believe in a
“transforming principle”?
A:
C:
Mice injected with
live S bacteria
died.
Mice injected with
dead S bacteria lived.
B:
Mice injected with
live R bacteria died.
D:
Mice injected with
dead S and live R
bacteria died.
D.
Mice injected with
dead S and live R
bacteria died.
#2
An important factor in Oswald Avery’s ability to identify
the “transforming principle” as DNA was the fact that
proteins
A:
Contain very
little phosphorus
Do not react with
C: enzymes.
B:
Were present in
the extract made
from S bacteria.
Could be observed
D: in the extract made
from R bacteria.
A.
Contain very
little
phosphorus.
#3
Chemical analysis of Avery’s extracts showed
that the ratio of
nitrogen to phosphorus was consistent with that of
A:
enzymes
Protein
C:
B:
DNA
D:
Bacteria
B.
DNA
#4
Hershey and Chase chose to use bacteriophages in their
experiments because these viruses
Contain little
A: more than DNA
and protein
C:
Can infect only
bacteria, not
humans.
Can be seen with a
B: light microscope
D:
Will not grow in
radioactive
culture.
A.
Contain little
more than DNA
and protein.
#5
As a result of the Hershey and Chase experiments,
scientists believe that
Radioactive
A: isotopes can be
used safely.
The “transforming
C: principle” is DNA.
B:
Viruses use
bacterial DNA to
reproduce.
Bacteriophages can be
D: grown in culture
medium.
C.
The “transforming
principle is DNA.
#6
The four types of nucleotides that make up DNA
are named for their
A:
C:
Hydrogen
bonds.
Phosphate groups
B:
Nitrogencontaining
bases.
D:
Ring-shaped
sugars.
B.
Nitrogen
containing
bases.
#7
After examining the DNA of different organisms,
which of the following did Erwin Chargaff
conclude about the four bases?
A:
C:
A=T and C=G
A=C and G=T
B:
A=C=G=T
D:
A+T = C+G
A.
A=T of
and C=G
#8
Which of the following DNA sequences
is complementary to the base sequence
ACCGTAT?
A:
C:
GTTACGC
TGGCATA
B:
D:
UCCGTAT
CAATGCG
C.
TGGCATA
#9
Combining the work of other scientists with their own
research, Watson and Crick discovered that two strands
of DNA join together to form a(n)
A:
C:
Nucleotide.
Double helix.
B:
X in a circle.
D: Covalent
bond.
C.
Double helix
#10
What holds base pairs together?
Hydrogen
bonds
B:
Sugar-phosphate
backbones
Pairs of doubleC: ringed
nucleotides
D:
Nitrogen-carbon
bonds
A:
A.
Hydrogen bonds
#11
The process that makes an exact copy
of a cell’s DNA is called
A:
conservation
B:
replication
C:
preservation
synthesis
D:
C.
replication
#12
What are the main functions of DNA polymerase?
Breaks hydrogen
A: bonds and exposes
bases
C:
Zips and unzips
the doublestranded DNA
Holds DNA strands
B: apart and attracts
bases
Binds nucleotides
D: and corrects base
pair errors
D.
Binds nucleotides
and corrects base
pair errors.
#13
Which of the following events occurs directly after
a DNA molecule is unzipped?
Mismatched
A: nucleotide bases are
identified and
replaced.
Identical doubleC: stranded DNA
molecules are
formed.
Free-floating
B: nucleotides pair up
with exposed bases.
D:
Enzymes break
hydrogen bonds
between base pairs.
B.
Free-floating
nucleotides pair up
with exposed bases.
#14
The process of making new DNA molecules is
semiconservative. This means that every new DNA
molecule is composed of
A:
C:
Two completely
identical strands of
DNA.
one strand of
DNA and one
strand of RNA.
B:
D:
One original
and one new
strand of DNA.
Two strands that
mix original and
new DNA.
B.
One original and
one new strand
of DNA.
#15
When new DNA molecules are formed, almost all errors
are detected and fixed by
A:
The correct
nucleotide.
DNA
C:
polymerase.
B:
D:
The sugarphosphate
backbone.
One DNA
strand.
C.
DNA
polymerase
#16
The central dogma of molecular biology states that
information flows in one direction from
A:
Nuclei to RNA to
cytoplasm.
B:
C: Genes to nuclei to
D:
ribosomes.
Ribosomes to
proteins to DNA
DNA to RNA to
proteins.
D.
DNA to RNA to
proteins.
#17
Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA
strand that would be complementary to the
following DNA strand: GTAGTCA
A:
C:
UATUAGA
CAUCAGU
B:
D:
ACGACTG
CATCAGT
C.
CAUCAGU
#18
The main function of tRNA is to
Carry a message that ,
when translated,
A: forms proteins.
String together
C: complementary RNA
and DNA strands.
Form a portion of
B: ribosomes, a cell’s
protein factories.
Bring amino acids
D: from the cytoplasm
to the ribosomes.
D.
Bring amino acids
from the cytoplasm
to the ribosomes.
#19
A primary difference between transcription
and replication is that transcription
A:
C:
Happens repeatedly
throughout a singlecell cycle.
Is catalyzed by
large and complex
enzymes.
B:
Occurs within the
nucleus of
eukaryotic cells.
D:
Proceeds according
to careful cellular
control
A.
Happens repeatedly
throughout a
single-cell cycle.
#20
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence
that codes for an amino acid?
A:
C:
base
amine
B:
D:
Codon
serine
B.
codon
#21
How many amino acids are used to make up all of the
proteins in the human body?
A:
16
23
C:
B:
D:
20
46
B. 20.
#22
A tRNA that carries the amino acid methionine pairs
with which type of codon?
A:
C:
Serine codon
Start codon
B:
D:
tRNA codon
anticodon
C.
Start codon
#23
Which phrase best describes translation?
A:
Converts mRNA
into a polypeptide
C:
Produces RNA
from DNA
molecules
B:
D:
Catalyzes
bonds between
amino acids
Recycles tRNA
molecules for
reuse.
A.
Converts mRNA
into a polypeptide
#24
Which of the following is the site of
translation?
A:
vacuole
B:
nucleus
C:
D:
lysosome
ribosome
D.
Ribosome
#25
In prokaryotes, gene expression is
regulated by controlling
A:
Transcription
B:
C:
Translation
D:
Replication
Processing
A.
of
Transcription
#26
The bacterial lac operon is switched
on when
The operator binds
A: to the promoter.
B:
The operator binds to
C:
the lac genes.
Lactose binds to
D: the lac repressor.
Lactose binds to
the lac operator.
D.
Lactose binds
to the lac
repressor.
#27
In a eukaryotic cell, where does mRNA processing
take place?
A:
C:
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
B:
Nucleus
D:
Operator
B.
Nucleus
28.
What is the term for the nucleotide
sequences that are removed during
mRNA processing?
A:
Operators
B:
C:
Exons
D:
Promoters
Introns
D.
Introns
#29
What is the main function of a promoter?
A:
Codes for
enzymes that
break down sugar
Tells RNA
C: polymerase
where to start.
Blocks the action
B: of RNA
polymerase
Keeps eukaryote
D: genes permanently
“off”
C.
Tells RNA polymerase
where to start.
#30
Generally, mutations that affect a
single gene occur during
A:
Transcription
B:
Replication
C:
Translation
D:
Operation
B.
Replication
#31
Cystic fibrosis is an example of a
genetic disease caused by the
deletion of a nucleotide. What is the
term for this type of mutation?
A:
C:
Translocation
Single-gene
B:
Chromosomal
D:
Frameshift
D.
Frameshift
#32
Which type of mutation has no effect
on phenotype?
A:
Silent
B:
Frameshift
C:
Point
D:
Chromosomal
A.
Silent
#33
Mutations that can affect the offspring of an organism
occur in what cell type?
A:
Body
B:
C:
Blood
D:
Germ
Brain
B.
Germ
#34
Which of the following is an example of a mutagen?
A:
Repair enzyme
B:
C:
UV sunlight
D:
Triglyceride
Thymine
C.
UV sunlight
#35
What did Hershey and Chase know about
Bacteriophages that led them to use
these viruses in their DNA experiments?
Bacteriophages are
A:
mostly DNA and
protein.
C:
Protein from
bacteriophages
enters bacteria.
Sulfur in all
B: bacteriophages is
radioactive.
D:
Bacteriophages have
no DNA of their
own.
A.
Bacteriophages
are mostly DNA
and protein.
#36
Which scientist conducted tests on extracts made of
bacteria to show that the genetic material in bacteria
of DNA?
A:
C:
Martha Chase
Frederick Griffith
B:
D:
Oswald Avery
Alfred Hershey
B.
Oswald Avery
#37
The main difference between the four nucleotides that
make up DNA is that they have different
A:
C:
sugars
Bonds.
B:
D:
uracil
Bases.
D.
Bases
#38
Which scientists figured out the three-dimensional
structure of DNA by using a model of metal and wood?
A:
C:
Hershey and Chase
Pauling and
Franklin
B:
D:
Watson and Crick
Chargaff and
Griffith.
B.
Watson and Crick
#39
In humans, where does DNA replication take place?
A:
C:
cytoplasm
nucleus
B:
D:
ribosome
vacuole
C.
nucleus
#40
During replication, the function of the enzyme DNA
polymerase is to
Bind nucleotides
A:
together
C:
Send messages
B:
D:
Send messages
Locate replication
sites
A.
Bind nucleotides
together
#41
During transcription, what does messenger RNA do?
It delivers DNA’s
A:instructions for
making proteins.
C:
Strings together
two complementary
RNA strands.
It constructs proteins
B: out of random amino
acids.
D:
It strings together
two complementary
RNA strands.
A.
It delivers DNA’s
instructions for
making proteins.
#42
In order to produce all the protein that a cell needs,
transcription takes place
On a gene segment
A:over and over again.
On a gene segment
B: once
Using doublestranded RNA.
Using doublestranded DNA.
C:
D:
A.
On a gene
segment over and
over again.
#43
The central dogma states that information flows from
RNA to DNA to
A:polysaccharides
C:
DNA to RNA to
monosaccharides
DNA to RNA to
B: proteins.
D:
DNA to
polysaccharides to
RNA
B.
DNA to RNA to
proteins
#44
How many amino acids are coded for by the strand of
mRNA shown below? Assume the reading frame begins
With the first nucleotide.
1
A:
C:
3
B:
D:
2
6
B.
2
#45
Where is messenger RNA “edited” into its final form?
In the ribosomes
A:
B:
In the nucleus
C:
D:
In the ribosomes
In the anticodon
C.
In the nucleus
#46
What is the term for the sections of
messenger RNA that are spliced together
during processing?
A:
C:
Operators
Exons
B:
D:
Promotors
Introns
C.
Exons
#47
In bacteria, what binds with the repressor
to activate the lac operon?
A:
C:
Enzymes
Repressors
B:
D:
Lactose
Promoters
B.
Lactose
#48
Which scientist used chemical analysis
to show that the genetic material in
bacteria is DNA?
A:
C:
Martha Chase
Frederick
Griffith
B:
D:
Oswald Avery
Alfred Hershey
B.
Oswald Avery
#49
How did Hershey and Chase’s use of radiolabeled
bacteriophages to study the genetic material validate
Avery’s research?
It demonstrated
A: conclusively that the genetic
material is not protein.
It proved that bacteria
C: will take up phosphorus,
but not sulfur.
B:
D:
It showed that
bacteriophages are not
digested by bacterial
enzymes.
It confirmed that
bacteriophages cannot
inject radiolabeled DNA
A.
It demonstrated
conclusively that the
genetic material is not
protein.
#50
Identify the nucleotide sequence of the
other DNA strand:
CCGTACT
A:
C:
GGCUTGU
GGCATGA
B:
D:
AATGCAG
TTACGTC
C.
GGCATGA
#51
The DNA double helix model used today
is the product of research done by scientists
A:
C:
Hershey and
Chase
Pauling and
Franklin
B:
Watson and Crick
D:
Chargaff and
Griffith
B.
Watson and Crick
#52
Suppose you can read the sequence of
bases on only one strand of the double
helix. What would you use to figure out the
sequence on the other strand?
A:
C:
Central dogmaa
Chargaff’s rules
B:
D:
X-ray
crystallography
Base pairing
rules
D.
Base pairing rules
#53
Which of the following is the site of DNA
replication in eukaryotes?
A:
C:
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
B:
D:
Ribosome
Vacuole
C.
Nucleus
#54
What does DNA polymerase do during
replication?
Binds nucleotides
A: together and corrects
base pair errors.
Attracts amino acids
C: to the ribosomes for
assembly
Transmits messages that
B: are translated into
proteins
D:
Recognizes and points
out new origins of
replication
A.
Binds nucleotides
together and
corrects base pair
errors
#55
Identify the nucleotide sequence of the
complementary RNA strand:
TAGAGTC
A:
C:
ATUTUAG
AUCUCAG
B:
D:
CAAGACT
ATCTCAG
C.
AUCUCAG
#56
What “message” does mRNA carry?
The genetic code that,
A: when translated, forms
proteins
The order of base pairs
C: in complementary RNA
strands.
B:
Orders for making
ribosomes, a cell’s
proteins factories
The number of codons
D: in an individual
reading frame
A.
The genetic code
that, when
translated, forms
proteins
#57
When does replication occur?
A:
Once in every cell
cycle
During the cell’s
C:
M phase
B:
When nucleotides
float in the nucleus
D:
When tRNA
unzips DNA
A.
Once in every
cell cycle
#58
Crick’s central dogma of molecular biology
is essentially a summary of
A:
Base pairing rules
for all nucleotides.
Amino acid
C: relationships to
ribosomes.
B:
D:
Genetic code stored
in all start codons
Replication,
transcription, and
translation
D.
Replication,
transcription, and
translation
#59
How many amino acids are coded for in the
following sequence of mRNA nucleotides?
Assume the reading frame begins with the first
nucleotide. CGAUACAGUAGC
A:
C:
3
6
B:
D:
4
12
B.
4
#60
When does mRNA processing take place?
A:
C:
After replication
After transcription
B:
D:
After translation
After protein
synthesis
C.
After
transcription
#61
The nucleotide sequences that are removed
during mRNA processing are called
A:
C:
operators
exons
B:
D:
promotors
introns
D.
introns
#62
The lac operon is an example of how gene
regulation occurs in
A:
C:
yeasts
humans
B:
D:
bacteria
Eukaryotes.
B.
bacteria
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