Download For the 5 W`s Flipbook you need to complete tRNA and rRNA (this is

**For the 5 W’s Flipbook you need to
complete tRNA and rRNA (this is not a
misprint, I mean rRNA)**
DNA and Protein Synthesis Review Worksheet
1. Describe the structure of DNA and name the scientists who discovered its shape.
DNA is a double helix with a sugar, phosphate backbone, and four different
nitrogen bases. Watson and Crick were the scientists who are created with the discovery
of DNA’s structure.
2. Describe the process of DNA Replication. (You should have four steps)
a) DNA unwinds
b) DNA unzips
c) Free-floating nucleotides attach to naked DNA
d) Enzyme reseals DNA
3. Where does replication occur?
Nucleus
4. How does DNA’s message get out to the cytoplasm if DNA cannot leave the nucleus?
(DESCRIBE THE PROCESS)
A strand of mRNA is transcribed using DNA as the template inside the nucleus.
The mRNA strand then exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. This process is called
transcription
5. What is the name of this stage, when DNA gives the message to messenger RNA?
Transcription
6. How is DNA different from RNA? Name two differences.
DNA has thymine, while RNA has uracil. DNA is two strands, while RNA has
one
7. What is a nucleotide? What do we call a series of three nucleotides in DNA, mRNA,
tRNA?
A nucleotide is a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogen base. DNA is a
triplet, mRNA is a codon, and tRNA is an anticodon.
8. Where is mRNA found? Where is tRNA found?
mRNA is found in the nucleus and tRNA is found in the cytoplasm
9. How does tRNA help mRNA make a protein? (DESCRIBE THE PROCESS)
tRNA brings the corresponding amino acid based off of its anticodon recognizing
mRNA’s codon.
10. What is this stage called, when mRNA gives the message to tRNA?
Translation
11. If you want to know the name of the amino acid that a gene gives the instructions for,
what trick can you use? (Without even going through translation…)
A codon chart
12. How is the final protein formed? What is a protein composed of anyway?
The amino acids brought to the ribosome are assembled and bound together by
peptide bonds. A protein is composed of amino acids.
13. Describe the four nitrogen bases and explain which bases pair.
The four bases for RNA include Adenine, which pairs with Uracil, and Cytosine,
which pairs with Guanine. In DNA Uracil is replaced with Thymine who pairs with
Adenine
14. If you have a strand of DNA that is ATAGGCCGTAGTCAT what would be the
complementary DNA strand?
TATCCGGCATCAGTA
15. What would be the sequence of bases for the mRNA strand, read from the original
DNA strand.
UAUCCGGCAUCAGUA
16. What would be the tRNA sequence translated from this mRNA?
AUAGGCCGUAGUCAU
17. What would be the five amino acids that tRNA brought to the ribosome?
Give the correct sequence.
Tryosine-Proline-Alanine-Serine-Leucine
**remember you are using the mRNA strand**