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Transcript
LESSON 4 Genetics: STUDY GUIDE On a separate sheet of paper, use this outline to help create a study guide. A great way to study is to read first, then go back and take notes. I know you can do well! 4.1 Introduction to Genetics -- write 2-3 Main Ideas for each Objective. Include any bold key concepts plus any bold terms and their definition. • Discuss Mendel's studies and conclusions about inheritance. (pg. 308) • Identify what happens during segregation. (pg. 311) • Discuss how geneticists use the principles of probability to make Punnett squares. (pg. 315316) • Define the principle of independent assortment. (pg. 317) • Explain how Mendel's principles apply to all organisms. (pg. 318) • Identify the other inheritance patterns. (pg. 319-320) • Explain the relationship between genes and the environment. (pg. 321) • Distinguish the number of chromosomes in body cells and in gametes. (pg. 323) • Explain the events of meiosis. (pg. 324) • Differentiate meiosis and mitosis. (pg. 326-327) • Explain how alleles from different genes can be inherited together. (pg. 328) 4.2 DNA-- write 2-3 Main Ideas for each Objective. Include any bold key concepts plus any bold terms and their definition. • Explain the process of bacterial transformation. (pg. 338) • Describe the role of bacteriophages in identifying genetic material. (pg. 340) • Identify the role of DNA in heredity. (pg. 342) • List the chemical components of DNA. (pg. 344) • Discuss the experiments leading to the identification of DNA as the molecule that carries the genetic code. (pg. 345-347) • Explain the steps leading to the development of the double-helix model of DNA. (pg. 347) • Describe the events of DNA replication. (pg. 350) • Differentiate DNA replication in prokaryotes with that of eukaryotes. (pg. 352) 4.3 RNA and Protein Synthesis-- write 2-3 Main Ideas for each Objective. Include any bold key concepts plus any bold terms and their definition. • Analyze the difference between RNA and DNA. (pg. 362) • Explain the process of transcription. (pg. 364) • Explain the genetic code and how it is read. (pg. 366) • Describe the process of translation. (pg. 368) • Explain the "central dogma" of molecular biology. (pg. 370) • Describe mutations as well as the different types of mutations. (pg. 372) • Explain the effects mutations can have on genes. (pg. 374) • Characterize gene regulation in prokaryotes. (pg. 377) • Discuss how most eukaryotic genes are regulated. (pg. 379) • Relate gene regulation to development in multicellular organisms. (pg. 381) 4.4 Human Heredity -- write 2-3 Main Ideas for each Objective. Include any bold key concepts plus any bold terms and their definition. • Name the types of human chromosomes in a karyotype. (pg. 392) • Explain the patterns of the inheritance of human traits. (pg. 394) • Describe how pedigrees are used to study human traits. (pg. 396) • Discuss how small changes in DNA cause genetic disorders. (pg. 398) • Characterize the problems caused by nondisjunction. (pg. 401) • Discuss the methods of DNA analysis. (pg. 403) • Explain the goals of the Human Genome Project and what we have learned so far. (pg. 406) 4.5 Genetic Engineering -- write 2-3 Main Ideas for each Objective. Include any bold key concepts plus any bold terms and their definition. • Explain how people increase genetic variation. (pg. 419) • Describe how scientists manipulate DNA. (pg. 421) • Define the importance of recombinant DNA. (pg. 423) • Define transgenic and describe the usefulness of some transgenic organisms to humans. (pg. 426) • List the benefits of genetic engineering as they relate to agriculture and industry. (pg. 428) • Discuss how recombinant DNA technology can improve human health. (pg. 430) • Explain the process of DNA fingerprinting and its uses. (pg. 433) • Explain some of the issues that relate to biotechnology. (pg. 436) • Discuss some of the pros and cons of genetically modified food. (pg. 437-438) • Summarize some of the ethical issues relating to biotechnology. (pg. 438) STUDY TIP: Don't move too fast through the course. Read all Reading Assignments and Check your Learning questions posted in Lesson 4. If you have any questions please don't hesitate to reach out to your teacher Bryan Carver, [email protected] , or Nikiya Webb, assistant teacher, [email protected].
