Download Unit 5 Review

Unit 5 Review: Molecular Genetics
name __________________________
1. Where is DNA found in a cell?
2. What is the monomer for DNA?
3. What 3 things make up a DNA nucleotide?
4. What is the sugar found in DNA?
5. What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA? How do they pair?
6. What holds the bases together in DNA?
Label the double helix below.
a) sugar-phosphate backbones.
b) “ladder rungs” of base pairs.
c) hydrogen bonds.
7. What is the shape of DNA?
8. Which two scientists proposed the structure of DNA?
9. On the diagram below:
* Label the rectangle that
represents a nucleotide.
* Label the sugar (S) and
phosphate (P) molecules.
T
* Label the bases that are
not already labeled
A
* Label the rectangle that
represents a base pair.
C
10. What is replication?
11. What are the results of DNA replication? (what do you end up with)
12. If you are given the following DNA strand, what is the complimentary strand:
AAT CGG CCT TAC
13. Number the steps of DNA replication in the correct order (1, 2, 3)
_______ Daughter strands are formed using complementary base pairing.
_______ DNA unwinds.
_______ The DNA of the daughter strands winds with together with its parent strand.
14. Show the complimentary base pairing that would occur in the replication of this short DNA molecule.
Use a colored pencil to show which strands are the original and which are newly synthesized. Red = original,
Blue = new
Original
DNA
Strand 1
Original
DNA Strand
2
C-
G
C-
G
T-
A
T-
A
A-
T
A-
T
C-
G
C-
G
Original
DNA
Strand 1
New
DNA
Strand
+
New DNA
Strand
Original
DNA
Strand 2
15. Where is RNA found in a cell?
16. What is the sugar found in RNA?
17. Draw a picture of the monomer of RNA, called a
In your picture label the following parts:
ribose sugar, base, and phosphate group.
group
.
18. What are three differences between RNA and DNA?
19. What is transcription?
20. What is the mRNA strand that would be copied from this DNA strand?
G G C
T A T
A T C
C T G
A C G
21. What is the function of mRNA?
22. Proteins are made up of _______________________________, which our bodies either make or come
from our food.
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23. Use the chart to the below to answer the following question:
For the following DNA strand,
determine what amino acids the
codons would represent.
TAC
GCG
AGT
24. What is translation?
25. What is the function of tRNA?
26. What are two types of RNA? (use both the abbreviations and names)
27. Use the letters to label
label
the summary of protein
synthesis diagramed
to the right.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
mRNA (3 times)
amino acid
tRNA
ribosome
protein
DNA (2 times)
codon
anticodon
Circle transcription
with
green.
Circle translation
with
red.
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28. What is a point mutation?
29. What is a frame shift mutation?
30. Which type of mutation is worst?
31. The process of gel electrophoresis can be used to create a DNA fingerprint.
Name two situations in which DNA fingerprints can be used.
32. Whose blood is it?
33. Which are the soldier’s parents?
34. Number the steps to making a transgenic organism. (1-5)
35. What is a genetically modified organism? Give two examples.
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