Download 1. What are the 3 parts of DNA nucleotide?

vggfDNA Review
1. What are the 3 parts of DNA nucleotide?
2. How is DNA different from RNA?
3. What scientists:
First determined the structure of DNA?
X-rayed DNA, giving necessary clues to its structure?
Discovered the pattern in base ratios of the bases?
4. Give the complementary DNA for the following sequence:
AAA TTT CGC TAA
5. Why is DNA replication important?
6. How does DNA replicate itself? What do the new DNA molecules look like compared to
the original DNA?
7. What does complementary mean?
8. What does antiparallel mean?
9. Circle one nucleotide on the picture of DNA below and label the 3 parts of a nucleotide.
10. What is the purpose of:
DNA –
mRNA –
tRNA –
11. What is transcription? Where does it occur in a cell?
12. What is translation? Where does it occur in a cell?
13. What is a codon? An anticodon?
14. What are 3 types of mutations?
15. Determine the protein made from the following DNA strand –
TAC CCC GTA CAG AAT
1. What mutation(s) has occurred in this DNA?
Original TACCCCTTACAGAAT
Copy
TAGCCCTTACATGAAT
DNA Review
1. What are the 3 parts of DNA? Phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G)
2. How is DNA different from RNA? DNA: 2 strands, deoxyribose sugar, contains thymine;
RNA: 1 strand, ribose sugar, contains uracil instead of thymine.
3. What scientists:
First determined the structure of DNA? Watson and Crick
X-rayed DNA, giving necessary clues to its structure? Rosalind Franklin
Discovered the pattern in base ratios of the bases? Erwin Chargaff
4. Give the complementary DNA for the following sequence:
AAA TTT CGC TAA
TTT AAA GCG ATT
5. Why is DNA replication important? For cell replication, each cell must have a copy of the
original parent DNA.
6. How does DNA replicate itself? What do the new DNA molecules look like compared to
the original DNA? First, DNA strands are separated, new bases are paired with template
strand, and nucleotides are linked together. The new DNA molecule is identical to the
original DNA.
7. What does complementary mean? They are not identical but fit with one another. A is
complementary to T, C is complementary to G.
8. How is DNA assembled? What does antiparallel mean? DNA is a long chain of nucleotides
linked together. The strands run antiparallel, in opposite directions.
9. Circle one nucleotide on the picture of DNA below and label the 3 parts of a nucleotide.
10. What is the purpose of:
DNA – Genetic Code, directs protein synthesis
mRNA – Carries the message in DNA from the nucleus to the ribosome when it can
be translated into a protein.
tRNA – Transports amino acids to the ribosomes and drops them off in the
appropriate order.
11. What is transcription? Making a copy of DNA into mRNA Where does it occur in a cell?
Since it is copying DNA and DNA can never leave the nucleus, it must occur in the
nucleus.
12. What is translation? Reading mRNA and creating a protein from the code. Where does it
occur in a cell? Ribosome (in the cytoplasm)
13. What is a codon? 3 bases on the mRNA An anticodon? 3 bases on the tRNA
14. What are the 3 types of mutations? Substitution, insertion, and deletion.
15. Determine the protein made from the following DNA strand –
TAC CCC GTA CAG AAT
mRNA- AUG GGG CAU GUC UUA
protein (amino acid sequence)- methionine- glycine-histidine-valine-leucine
16. What mutation(s) has occurred in this DNA?
Original TACCCCTTACAGAAT
Copy
TAGCCCTTACATGAAT Insertion and substitution