Download Rough ER Ribosome Protein

II. Cell parts
A. Describing cell parts
1. Cells have
many working
parts
2. Similar to a
factory
3. Whole factory
makes cell
products
a. Mostly
proteins
4. Divide the cell parts into 5 groups
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Nucleus
Organelles
Cytosol
Cytoskeleton
Cell membrane
B. Nucleus
1. The “Control Center” or “Brain” of the cell
2. Nucleus Functions:
a. Protect Genetic Information (DNA)
b. Site of Transcription
i.
Transcription = Making mRNA
3. Nucleus Parts:
a. Nuclear Envelope
i.
Double layer of membrane
b. Nuclear Pores
i.
Openings in the envelope
c. DNA
i. Blueprints of the cell
ii. Genetic material that controls cell function
d. Nucleolus
a. Dark, dense spot in the nucleus
b. Where Ribosomes are made
C. Other Organelles
a. Organelle = Little organ
b. Each performs a specific job
1. Ribosomes
a. The “work benches” of the cell
b. Very Tiny – Smallest of the
organelles
c. Proteins are made here
d. Found in two places
i.
Attached to the Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Ribosome
ii. Floating free
Rough ER
Protein
2. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
a. “Assembly line” of the cell
b. Attached to Nuclear pores
c. Proteins are folded inside here
3. Golgi Apparatus
a. The “distribution center” of the cell
b. Made of many flattened sacks of
membrane
c. Proteins are sorted for export or use
d. Vesicles bud off as transport boxes
i.
Vesicles = Spheres of membrane
4. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
a. Part of the “assembly line”
b. Has no Ribosomes
attached
c. Manufactures lipids
instead of protein
d. Found farther away from
the nucleus
5. Lysosome
a. Cell’s “Cleaning
Crew”
b. Contain digestive
enzymes
c. Breaks down
“old” organelles
d. Only in animal
cells
6. Mitochondria
a.
b.
c.
d.
The cell’s “power plant”
Turns Sugar into energy
Has a double membrane layer
Has its own DNA and
Ribosomes inside