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DNA NOTES Ch. 7.2 , 8.1, and 8.3 Notes Name: Section 7.2 DNA structure and Replication 1. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? _________________, _________________, and __________________ (pg. 160) 2. In DNA the 4 nitrogenous bases are: __________________,_________________, _______________,_________________ (pg. 161) 3. ___________________ and ________________are the purines. While __________________ and ___________________ are the pyrimidines. (pg. 161) 4. __________________ and _________________ photographed DNA using X-rays. (pg. 161) 5. The DNA molecule is shaped like a _______________, and is called a ___________________ ________________. (pg. 161) 6. Define Replication: (pg. 163) 7. Using Figure 7.6 on page 162, list and explain the 3 steps of DNA Replication 1. 2. 3. Section 8.1 From Genotype to Phenotype 8. Define Protein Synthesis: (pg. 182) 9. Use Figure 8.1 and complete the table. RNA and DNA: Structural Differences RNA DNA 10. ________________code for the sequence of _______________ ____________ that make up _____________________. (pg. 182) 11. Define RNA: 12. Protein Synthesis occurs in 2 stages: _____________________ and ______________________ 13. The word “transcribe” means ___________________. 14. Define Transcription: 15. Using Figure 8.2 (pg. 183). Draw and label the “bigger” picture of Step 2. 16. RNA bases (__________________) bind with complementary DNA bases (______________). Note that in RNA it is _______________, not thymine, that bind with adenine. (pg. 183) 17. Look at Figure 8.3 (pg. 184), and answer the following questions. a. What process turns the DNA into RNA? ______________________ b. What part of the RNA is removed? ______________ c. ____________are spliced together and create _____________. d. mRNA will then leave the ______________ and enter the _______________. 18. Define Translation: (pg. 183) 19. In the cytoplasm, mRNA attaches to a ________________. The ________________, with its attached mRNA, is now ready to synthesize a __________________. 20. During Translation, a __________ molecule transfers an _____________________to the ribosome. Each new ______________________links with the previous __________________, forming an amino acid chain (protein). (pg. 184) 21. Define Codon: (pg. 184) 22. Define Anticodon: (pg. 185) 23. Use figure 8.4 (pg. 185) to answer the following questions. a. What is the codon sequence labeled in the diagram? ______________ b. On what molecule will you find the codon? _______________ c. Where is the Anticodon located? ______________ d. What is the greatest # of tRNA’s that can be in a ribosome at one time? _________ e. If the codon is GGC, what is the anticodon? ___________