Download DNA Review Questions

DNA Test Review
1. Using Chargaff’s rules, print the base sequence of the complementary strand below the DNA strands shown
below.
A. CATGGTA
B. TTGGCAA
C. AGCTACG
2. When deoxyribose molecules bind in DNA formation:
A. What kind of reaction takes place?
B. What kind of a bond is formed?
C. Which carbons are involved in the respective molecules
3. What is the relationship between the constant 2-nanometer diameter of DNA and the nature of base pairing?
4. What is the evidence for the conclusion that DNA replication is semiconservative?
5. What is the role of the RNA primer in DNA replication?
6. Why does replication on the lagging strand occur away from the replication fork instead of toward it as in the
leading strand?
7. Why is the single-strand binding protein needed in DNA replication?
8. With few exceptions, all nuclei of eukaryotes contain
A. Genes to specify the portion of the organism in which they are found
B. All of the information needed for growing the whole organism
C. All of the chromosomes except sex chromosomes which are restricted to sex organs
D. Single stranded DNA
E. One euchromatin except in the case of the Y-chromosome
9. The identification of the transforming principle proved that
A. dead bacteria are less lethal than live ones
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae evolved from pneumococcus
C. genetic information is contained in DNA
D. there is no protein in chromosomes
E. genetic information is transmitted by a polysaccharide
10. Each unit of a nucleic acid consisting of a sugar, attached phosphate group, and a base is a
A. nucleolus
B. nucleotide
C. nucleosome
D. histone
E. geneticsome
11. In a nucleic acid, the bases always are attached to the ___ carbon of the sugar.
A. 5’
B. 4’
C. 3’
D. 2’
E. 1’
12. In nucleic acids, the free hydroxyl group is attached to the ___ carbon of the sugar.
A. 5’
B. 4’
C. 3’
D. 2’
E. 1’
13. A pyrimidine base used in DNA is
A. guanine
B. phosgine
C. uracil D. adenine
14. A purine base used in DNA is
A. uracil B. adenine
C. thymine
D. cytosine
E. cytosine
E. phosgene
15. In the process of bonding two nucleotides, ___ is released.
A. a molecule of water B. a phosphate group
C. a hydroxyl group
D. an oxygen molecule
E. a hydrogen molecule
16. In nucleic acids the phosphate group is attached to the ___ carbon of the sugar.
A. 5’
B. 4’
C. 3’
D. 2’
E. 1’
17. In DNA thymine always pairs with
A. adenine
B. cytosine
C. guanine
D. thymine
E. uracil
18. In DNA guanine always pairs with
A. . adenine
B. cytosine
C. guanine
D. thymine
E. uracil
19. By convention, the sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is expressed in the ___ direction
A. 3’-1’ B. 3’-5’ C. 1’-3’ D. 5’-3’ E. clockwise
20. The replication of DNA is described as
A. semicomplementary B. continuous
C. semidiscontinuous
D. discontinuous
E. anticomplementary
21. DNA replication is called semiconservative because ___ of the original duplex appears in the new duplex.
A. none B. most C. half
D. hardly any
E. all
22. Since the first nucleotide cannot be linked in a newly synthesized strand in DNA replication ___ is required.
A. a DNA primer
B. DNA polymerase
C. ligase
D. an RNA primer
E. helicase
23. In the replication of DNA the opened helix is straightened by
A. helicase
B. gyrase
C. polymerase I D. ligase E. polymerase III
24. A single polypeptide is specified by a single
A. chromosome B. gene C. nucleotide
D. nucleosome
E. histone
Use the Chapter 15 table to list the amino acid for each triplet given.
25. codon UUG
26. codon CCG
27. codon GGA
28. anticodon GCC
29. codon GUC
30. codon AUG
31. DNA triplet AAA
32. codon UAG
33. codon UGG
34. anticodon UCA
35. What are the roles of the three forms of RNA?
36. Why are the terms transcription and translation appropriate for their respective processes?
37. What is meant by the “reading frame” and why is it important?
38. What is the function of the TATA box?
39. What is the function of 5” caps and 3’ poly-A tails?
40. Explain when “processing of the primary transcript” occurs and what happens in the event?
41. Together with proteins, rRNA
A. provides a site for polypeptide synthesis
B. transports amino acids to the ribosome
C. travels to the ribosome to direct the assembly of polypeptides
D. transcribes DNA
E. translates DNA
42. The function of tRNA is to
A. provide a place for polypeptide synthesis
B. transport amino acids to the ribosome
C. travel to the ribosome to direct the assembly of polypeptides
D. transcribes DNA
E. translates DNA
43. The function of mRNA is to
A. provide a place for polypeptide synthesis
B. transport amino acids to the ribosome
C. travel to the ribosome to direct the assembly of polypeptides
D. transcribes DNA
E. translates DNA
44. In transcription, the nucleotide sequence CAT in DNA would specify ___ in mRNA
A. TAC B. GUA C. CAT D. GTU E. GUC
45. A molecule of tRNA with the anticodon AAA will transport the amino acid
A. phenylalanine B. lysine C. praline
D. glycine
E. arginine
46. The genetic code consists of groups of three nucleotide called
A. codons
B. introns
C. anticodons
D. reading frames E. triplets
47. In eukaryotes, there are ___ codons that specify amino acids.
A. 21
B. 24
C. 61
D. 64
E. 60
48. In mRNA the “start” sequences is
A. UAA B. UAG C. UGA D. AUG E. GUU
49. In mRNA the series of nucleotides CCC specifies
A. serine
B. proline
C. alanine
D. arginine
50. In messenger RNA the nucleotide series UAG specifies
A. arginine
B. serine C. stop
D. proline
E. stop
E. aspartate
51. In mitochondrial genomes ___ is a “stop” codon
A. UGA B. UUU C. AUA D. UAA E. AGA
52. In the process of transcription
A. the base sequence of DNA is copied into RNA
B. a polypeptide is formed as specified by the genes in chromosomes
C. rRNA is specified by exons in DNA
D. a strand of mRNA is formed with base sequences complementary to those of DNA
E. mRNA is formed as coded by introns
53. In a process called ___, the initial tRNA is ejected from the ribosomes
A. elongation
B. translocation C. initiation
D. transcription E. elimination
54. As polypeptides are formed at the ribosome, elongation continues until ___ is exposed
A. a release factor
B. an intron
C. a nonsense codon
D. an exon E. polypeptidase
55. The process of RNA ___ cuts introns from the primary transcript and the final “processed” mRNA is
produced.
A. cleavage
B. translocation C. elongation
D. splicing
E. releasing