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Download Activity Apr 20, 2016 – 6.3 Genetic Mutation
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SBI 4UI 1. Genetics Mutations Read section 6.3 pages 262 to 265 and explain the following terms into your notes. 2. Mutation Single-gene mutations Chromosome mutations Point mutations Frame-shift mutations Silent mutations Missense mutations Nonsense mutations Physical mutagens Chemical mutagens Use the following base sequence on a strand of a DNA molecule. 3’-A A T A C A A T G C C A G T G G T T C G C A C A T T C G– 5’ a) Give the base sequence of the complementary strand of DNA for the above strand of DNA. b) Give the base sequence of the mRNA strand for the above TEMPLATE strand of DNA. c) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in (b) above would code for. d) If the 4th nucleotide from the left in the mRNA strand above were changed from U to C, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? e) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in (d) above would code for. g) If a G were added to the mRNA strand between the 3rd and 4th nucleotides from the left, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? h) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in #6 above would code for i) If the 8th nucleotide from the left in the mRNA strand above were changed from G to C, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? j) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in #8 above would code for. SBI 4UI Genetics Mutations Answers Read section 6.3 pages 262 to 265 and explain the following terms into your notes. 1. 2. Mutation Change in the genetic code Single-gene mutations Changes in one gene Chromosome mutations Changes in many genes Point mutations Changes one base pair in code Frame-shift mutations Changes entire sequence of code Silent mutations Does not change the gene expression Missense mutations Does change the gene expression Nonsense mutations Changes code to a stop codon Physical mutagens Physically alter the code (ie radiation) Chemical mutagens Chemically alter the code (ie drugs) Use the following base sequence on a strand of a DNA molecule. 3’-A A T A C A A T G C C A G T G G T T C G C A C A T T C G– 5’ f) Give the base sequence of the complementary strand of DNA for the above strand of DNA. 5’- TT ATG TTA CGG TCA CCA AGC GTG TAA GC- 3’ g) Give the base sequence of the mRNA strand for the above TEMPLATE strand of DNA. Template DNA 3’-AA TAC AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CAC ATT CG– 5’ mRNA 5’ -AUG UUA CGG UCA CCA AGC GUG UAA -3’ h) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in (b) above would code for. MET-LEU-ARG-SER-PRO-SER-VAL i) If the 4th nucleotide from the left in the mRNA strand above were changed from U to C, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? mRNA 5’ -AUG CUA CGG UCA CCA AGC GUG UAA -3’ Silent Mutation j) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in (d) above would code for. MET-LEU-ARG-SER-PRO-SER-VAL g) If a G were added to the mRNA strand between the 3rd and 4th nucleotides from the left, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? mRNA 5’ -AUG GUU ACG GUC ACC AAG CGU GUA A -3’ Frameshift Mutation h) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in #6 above would code for MET-VAL-THR-VAL-THR-LYS-ARG-VAL i) If the 8th nucleotide from the left in the mRNA strand above were changed from G to C, what mutation is this and what would the resulting mRNA look like? mRNA 5’ -AUG UUA CCG UCA CCA AGC GUG UAA -3’ Missence Mutation j) Write the protein fragment that the mRNA strand in #8 above would code for. MET-LEU-PRO-SER-PRO-SER-VAL