Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download CH12 Exam Review: In Avery`s experiments, it was shown that
Document related concepts
Transcript
CH12 Exam Review: 1. In Avery’s experiments, it was shown that bacteria are transformed by what? DNA 2. What did Griffith observe when he injected a mixture of heat-killed, disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria into mice? The mice developed pneumonia 3. What are the three parts of a nucleotide found in DNA? Deoxyribose + phosphate group + nitrogenous base (C,G,T,or A) 4. Where is DNA located in eukaryotes? In the nucleus 5. DNA is copied during what process? Replication 6. What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA? Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine 7. What sugar does RNA contain? Ribose 8. What nitrogenous base does RNA contain that DNA does not? Uracil 9. How many main types of RNA are there? Three 10. Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis? mRNA, tRNA, rRNA 11. What is produced during transcription? RNA molecules 12. During transcription, where is an RNA molecule formed? Inside the nucleus 13. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids? Three 14. Genes contain instructions for assembling what? Proteins 15. What happens during the process of translation? The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins 16. Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code? mRNA 17. A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called a point mutation. 18. What are the gene mutations listed in your book? Point mutations and Frameshift mutations 19. What types of mutations are considered frameshift mutations? 20. A codon consists of _____________________ nucleotides. Three 21. What kind of mutation occurs when part of a chromosome is lost? Deletion 22. What kind of mutation occurs when extra copies of a chromosome is made? Duplication Using the DNA template strand and the genetic code figure in your book, answer the following questions. DNA TEMPLATE STRAND: TAC CGT GCC TCA GGG ATT 23. mRNA strand: 24. Amino Acids: AUG GCA CGG AGU CCC UAA Methionine, Alanine, Arginine, Serine, Proline, Stop 25. What four mRNA codes to Valine? GUG, GUA, GUC, GUU 26. How many different mRNA codes correspond to Serine? Six 27. What is the complimentary DNA strand for the above DNA template strand? ATG, GCA, CGG, AGT, CCC, TAA 28. What does the “t”, “r”, and “m” stand for in tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA? Transfer, Ribosomal, Messenger 29. What codons do not code to an amino acid? UAA, UAG, UGA 30. List all the types of mutations and define each of them. Point mutation- changes in one or a few nucleotides Frameshift mutations- shift the reading frame of the genetic message Deletion- part of the chromosome is lost Duplication- extra copies of part of a chromosome are made Translocation- part of a chromosome breaks of and attaches itself to another chromosome Inversion- sections of a chromosome are reversed
