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Download Neuron Notes Neuron- Cells that carry messages throughout the
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Transcript
Neuron Notes Neuron- Cells that carry messages throughout the nervous system 3types: 1. sensory neurons- carry impulses from sense organs to brain; 2. motor neurons- carry impulses from brain to muscles/glands. 3. Interneuron: carry impulses between sensory and motor neurons (connects them) Parts of the Neuron: 1. cell body: largest part, contains nucleus and most of cytoplasm – most metabolic activity of cell occurs here 2. dendrites: spread out from cell body; short, branched extensions; carry impulses toward the cell body 3. axons: (transmit/send signals) long fiber that carries impulses away from cell body. 4. myelin sheath: (lipids) insulating membrane around axon. There are small gaps in the myelin sheath along an axon called _nodes_____ Schwann Cells – individual cells of the myelin sheath 5. Axon Terminal- the ending of the nerve cell where the synapse is located. Nerve Impulses • Messages carried by the nervous system are electrical signals called impulses. • Impulse begins: neuron stimulated by environment or another neuron (impulse travels rapidly away from cell body) moves toward axon terminals and into the synapse. • Synapse: the location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell • Neurotransmitter: chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another cell
