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WLHS / Biology / Monson UNIT 3 STUDY GUIDE: CELLS, CELL STRUCTURES, & CELL TRANSPORT (CH 7) Topics / Concepts: CELLS and CELL PARTS (7.1-7.2) prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells CELL PROCESSES (7.3-7.4) - continued passive vs. active transport (molecular & bulk) -examples of each type -use of energy? -what is transported by each? cell organelles: structures and functions differences between plant and animal cells CELL MEMBRANE and CELLULAR PROCESSES (7.3-7.4) cell membranes -composition -functions of the various components -examples of membrane proteins *OSMOSIS Hypotonic vs. hypertonic vs. isotonic -in which direction does water move? -why? Review Assignment: to be turned in on the day of the Unit 3 Test! Complete the CH 7 Assessment & Standardized Test Prep Sections (p. 220-223). Record your answers below. Chapter 7 Assessment Chapter 7 Standardized Test Prep Study (page 220-222…do only the #s that appear (page 223…do only the #s that appear for your below!) below!) test!! 1) 9) 1) 6) 2) 15) 2) 7) 3) 16) 3) 8) 7) 23) 4) 9) 8) 24) 5) 10) 1) Compare the cellular characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (list at least 4 differences) 2) Compare the cellular characteristics of plant and animal cells. (list at least 4 differences) 3) Complete the table below by sketching how an animal cell and a plant cell would react when placed in a hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic environment. In your sketches, use an arrow to show which way water will move (into the cell, out of the cell, or both in/out equally). ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL In a hypertonic environment… In a hypertonic environment… In a hypotonic environment… In a hypotonic environment… In an isotonic environment… In an isotonic environment… 4) What is the primary function of the following cellular organelles: Golgi apparatus: mitochondrion: lysosomes: nucleus: nucleolus: rough ER: ribosomes: smooth ER: vacuole: vesicle: chloroplast: cell membrane: nuclear envelope: cytoskeleton: Application / Critical Thinking Questions: 1) What organelles would be especially numerous in a cell that: (explain WHY for each) -produces large amounts of a protein product? -requires a constant source of ATP (energy)? -must perform photosynthesis constantly? 2) Compare and contrast active transport and facilitated diffusion. (How are they similar? How are they different?) 3) The plasma (cell) membrane is said to be selectively permeable. Describe what selectively permeable means. 4) How are endocytosis and exocytosis similar? How they different? 5) Draw a cross section of a cell membrane, complete with the following parts & processes labeled. It does not need to be fine art, but each piece should be drawn clearly and be labeled clearly. A) Plasma (cell) membrane drawn and identify: i. a single phospholipid ii. a cholesterol molecule within the plasma membrane B) Label the inside and outside of cell. C) Label a carbohydrate used for cell identification. D) Label a protein channel that is showing facilitated diffusion of a molecule into the cell. VOCABULARY TO KNOW / REVIEW: Chapter 7: light microscope vacuole / vesicle electron microscope (SEM vs. TEM) mitochondria / chloroplasts prokaryote cell wall eukaryote cytoskeleton cytoplasm microtubules / microfilaments nucleus / nuclear envelope centrioles chromatin / chromosome cilia / flagella nucleolus selectively permeable ribosome phospholipid bilayer ER (smooth & rough) passive transport Golgi apparatus active transport lysosomes diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis hypertonic hypotonic isotonic exocytosis endocytosis phagocytosis pinocytosis