Download KSS Psychology 12AP

KSS Psychology 12AP
Chapter 1 and 2 Open Book Practice Test
Name________________________________ Period:________
Chapter 1 and 2 Practice test - Do your best without checking your text book. Then go back and check or answer all the
questions.
1. Which of the following is most likely to inhibit critical thinking?
A) operational definitions
B) overconfidence
C) random assignment
D) naturalistic observation
E) the double-blind procedure
2. Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to:
A) become violently aggressive.
B) cower in fear.
C) experience convulsive seizures.
D) lapse into a coma.
E) become sexually preoccupied.
3. Slender women are considered especially beautiful in one country; in another country, stout women are seen as
particularly attractive. In both countries, however, women perceived as very beautiful receive preferential treatment.
This best illustrates that ________ often underlie cultural differences.
A) negative correlations
B) common psychological processes
C) gender differences
D) unconscious preferences
E) genetic dissimilarities
4. The American Psychological Association and British Psychological Society have developed ethical principles urging
investigators to:
A) avoid the use of monetary incentives in recruiting people to participate in research.
B) forewarn potential research participants of the exact hypotheses that the research will test.
C) avoid the manipulation of independent variables in research involving human participants.
D) explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.
E) increase the difficulty level of research endeavors while maintaining validity.
5. Which region of your brainstem plays a role in arousing you to a state of alertness when someone nearby mentions
your name?
A) reticular formation
B) cerebellum
C) hypothalamus
D) amygdala
E) medulla
6. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?
A) thalamus
B) amygdala
C) medulla
D) hippocampus
E) cerebellum
7. When Stoyka was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. Stoyka is now
a successful college student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of:
A) aphasia.
B) reuptake.
C) phrenology.
D) tomography.
E) plasticity.
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8. If a professor accused you of cheating on a test, your adrenal glands would probably release ________ into your
bloodstream.
A) endorphins
B) acetylcholine
C) seratonin
D) epinephrine
E) insulin
9. Your ability to experience the physical pleasure of a hot shower is most likely to be disrupted by damage to your:
A) corpus callosum.
B) angular gyrus.
C) hippocampus.
D) amygdala.
E) thalamus.
10. The brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous system and the endocrine system is the:
A) cerebellum.
B) amygdala.
C) reticular formation.
D) hypothalamus.
E) medulla.
11. Hypotheses are best described as:
A) assumptions.
B) replications.
C) explanations.
D) confirmations.
E) predictions.
12. In order to learn about the TV viewing habits of all the children attending Oakbridge School, Professor DeVries
randomly selected and interviewed 50 of the school's students. In this instance, all the children attending the school
are considered to be a(n):
A) population.
B) representative sample.
C) independent variable.
D) control condition.
E) dependent variable.
13. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into:
A) synaptic gaps.
B) the bloodstream.
C) the limbic system.
D) sensory neurons.
E) interneurons.
14. Motor neurons are an important part of the:
A) limbic system.
B) reticular formation.
C) peripheral nervous system.
D) brainstem.
E) motor cortex.
15. To assess the effect of televised violence on aggression, researchers plan to expose one group of children to violent
movie scenes and another group to nonviolent scenes. In order to reduce the chance that the children in one group
have more aggressive personalities than those in the other group, the researchers should make use of:
A) random assignment.
B) the double-blind procedure.
C) naturalistic observations.
D) operational definitions.
E) replication.
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16. In order for you to be able to run, ________ must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg
muscles.
A) interneurons
B) the cerebellum
C) motor neurons
D) the reticular formation
E) the autonomic nervous system
17. When Mr. Valdez thought his 1-year-old daughter had fallen down the stairs, his heartbeat accelerated, his blood
pressure rose, and he began to perspire heavily. Mr. Valdez's state of arousal was activated by his ________ nervous
system.
A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) somatic
D) sensorimotor
E) central
18. The process of replication is most likely to be facilitated by:
A) the hindsight bias.
B) the false consensus effect.
C) illusory correlation.
D) operational definitions.
E) the placebo effect.
19. In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills, research participants are allowed to sleep either
4 or 8 hours on each of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of:
A) naturalistic observation.
B) survey research.
C) a case study.
D) an experiment.
E) a correlational study.
20. Neural networks
A) the branching extensions of a neuron.
B) interconnected clusters of neurons in the central nervous system.
C) neural cables containing many axons.
D) junctions between sending and receiving neurons.
E) neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
21. Research on left-handedness suggests that:
A) genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness.
B) a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed.
C) left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers.
D) most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere.
E) left-handers live longer than right-handers.
22. In an experiment designed to study the effectiveness of a new drug, research participants who receive a placebo are
participating in the ________ condition.
A) dependent variable
B) correlational
C) experimental
D) replication
E) control
23. Professor Seif conducts research on the relationship between the limbic system and sexual motivation. Her research
interests best represent the psychological specialty known as:
A) behaviorism.
B) biological psychology.
C) psychoanalysis.
D) cognitive psychology.
E) behavior genetics.
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24. The cortical regions that are not directly involved in sensory or motor functions are known as:
A) interneurons.
B) Broca's area.
C) frontal lobes.
D) association areas.
E) parietal lobes.
25. When you question whether anecdotal evidence can be generalized to all people, you are applying:
A) overconfidence.
B) the placebo effect.
C) the hindsight bias.
D) random assignment.
E) critical thinking.
26. Evelyn wants to know how consistent her bowling scores have been during the past season. Which of the following
measures would be most relevant to this specific concern?
A) mean
B) median
C) scatterplot
D) standard deviation
E) correlation coefficient
27. In a distribution of test scores, which measure of central tendency would likely be the most affected by a couple of
extremely high scores?
A) median
B) range
C) mode
D) standard deviation
E) mean
28. Faustin, a member of his college's golf team, has an opportunity to play against a nationally acclaimed professional
golfer. How many holes of golf should Faustin choose to play with the professional in order to maximize his own
slim chances of winning?
A) 9
B) 18
C) 27
D) 36
E) 72
29. The part of the cerebral cortex that directs the muscle movements involved in speech is known as:
A) Wernicke's area.
B) Broca's area.
C) the amygdala.
D) the angular gyrus.
E) the reticular formation.
30. Mr. and Mrs. Klostreich have six children aged 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, and 16. The mean age of the Klostreich children is:
A) 5.
B) 6.
C) 6½.
D) 7.
E) 8.
31. The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the:
A) limbic system.
B) endocrine system.
C) sympathetic nervous system.
D) reticular formation.
E) central nervous system.
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32. Megan was certain that she would never live far away from her family. However, in order to further her career, she
decided to move. Megan's experience best illustrates:
A) the hindsight bias.
B) illusory correlation.
C) random assignment.
D) the false consensus effect.
E) overconfidence.
33. Olds and Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the:
A) sensory cortex.
B) hypothalamus.
C) cerebellum.
D) medulla.
E) amygdala.
34. Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the:
A) amygdala.
B) hippocampus.
C) angular gyrus.
D) corpus callosum.
E) medulla.
35. During the past year, Zara and Ivan each read 2 books, but George read 9, Ali read 12, and Marsha read 25. The
median number of books read by these individuals was:
A) 2.
B) 50.
C) 10.
D) 12.
E) 9.
36. In order to learn about the political attitudes of all students enrolled at Arizona State University, Professor Marlow
randomly selected 800 of these students to complete a questionnaire. In this instance, all the students enrolled at
Arizona State University are considered to be a(n):
A) independent variable.
B) representative sample.
C) control.
D) dependent variable.
E) population.
37. Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce:
A) aphasia.
B) epileptic seizures.
C) depression.
D) neural plasticity.
E) reward deficiency syndrome.
38. Which of the following correlations between self-esteem and body weight would enable you to most accurately
predict body weight from knowledge of level of self-esteem?
A) +0.60
B) +0.01
C) –0.10
D) –0.06
E) 0.00
39. On a 10-item test, three students in Professor Hsin's advanced chemistry seminar received scores of 2, 5, and 8,
respectively. For this distribution of test scores, the standard deviation is equal to the square root of:
A) 3.
B) 4.
C) 5.
D) 6.
E) 9
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40. The healing power of positive expectations is best illustrated by:
A) overconfidence.
B) illusory correlation.
C) the placebo effect.
D) hindsight bias.
E) replication.
41. The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the:
A) amygdala.
B) dendrites.
C) corpus callosum.
D) myelin sheath.
E) pituitary gland.
42. Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the:
A) thalamus.
B) cerebellum.
C) reticular formation.
D) limbic system.
E) angular gyrus.
43. Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?
A) –0.12
B) +1.00
C) –0.99
D) +0.25
E) –0.50
44. Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the strongest degree of relationship between two variables?
A) +0.10
B) –0.67
C) 0.00
D) –0.10
E) +0.59
45. Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as:
A) acetylcholine.
B) serotonin.
C) endorphins.
D) dopamine.
E) epinephrine.
46. In order to trigger a person's hand to make a fist, José Delgado stimulated the individual's:
A) motor cortex.
B) hypothalamus.
C) sensory cortex.
D) reticular formation.
E) limbic system.
47. After Terry lost a finger in an industrial accident, the area of his sensory cortex devoted to receiving input from that
finger gradually became very responsive to sensory input from his adjacent fingers. This best illustrates:
A) phrenology.
B) aphasia.
C) hemispherectomy.
D) plasticity.
E) tomography.
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48. Because she had a serious traffic accident on Friday the 13th of last month, Felicia is convinced that all Friday the
13ths will bring bad luck. Felicia's belief best illustrates:
A) the illusion of control.
B) illusory correlation.
C) the hindsight bias.
D) the false consensus effect.
E) random sampling.
49. In order to provide a baseline against which they can evaluate the effects of a specific treatment, experimenters make
use of a(n):
A) dependent variable.
B) random sample.
C) independent variable.
D) control condition.
E) experimental condition.
50. The somatic nervous system is a component of the ________ nervous system.
A) peripheral
B) autonomic
C) central
D) sympathetic
E) parasympathetic
51. The belief that weather conditions signal the onset of arthritis pain best illustrates:
A) an illusory correlation.
B) an illusion of control.
C) the hindsight bias.
D) the false consensus effect.
E) random sampling.
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KSS Psychology 12AP
Chapter 1 and 2 Open Book Practice Test
Answer Key
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