Download 12. Cell Test Review

Biology
Chapter 7 Test Review
Terms to know: Microscopes, compound light microscope, electron microscope, Robert Hooke, cork,
cell, cell theory, organelle, prokaryote, eukaryote, membrane bound organelles, nucleus, mitochondria,
endosymbiotic theory, cellular membrane, selective permeability, plasma membrane, phospholipid
bilayer, triglyceride, phospholipid, phosphate group, PO4, polar head, nonpolar tails, hydrophilic,
hydrophobic, fluid mosaic model, aqueous, transport protein, carbohydrate, cholesterol, cell wall,
cellular membrane, vacuole, nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria,
chytoplasm, rough ER, smooth ER, ribosomes, golgi body, lysosome
Review Questions:
1. What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? (Hint: look at the Venn diagram
we made together.)
2. What are the three parts of the cell theory?
3. Draw and label a phospholipid. Where in the cell do you find phospholipids?
4. Label the picture of a phospholipid bilayer. Where is it hydrophobic? Where is it hydrophilic?
Where is it polar? Where is it non polar? Where are the fatty acid chains? Where are the
phosphates?
5. Where in the cell do you find the phospholipid bilayer?
6. What do carbohydrates do for the phospholipid bilayer? Cholesterol? Transport proteins?
7. Label the parts of the microscope using the following terms: ocular lens, low power objective,
medium power objective, high power objective, arm, base, course adjustment knob, find
adjustment knob, diaphragm, stage, stage clips)
Match the name of the organelle to its picture.
a. Smooth ER
b. Rough ER
c. Nucleus
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Lysosome
ab. Mitochondria
ac. Cell Wall
ad. Chloroplast
ae. Nucleolus
bc. Vacuole
bd. Free ribosomes
be. Cell membrane
cd. Nuclear membrane
Biology
Chapter 7 Test Review
Terms to know: Microscopes, compound light microscope, electron microscope, Robert Hooke, cork,
cell, cell theory, organelle, prokaryote, eukaryote, membrane bound organelles, nucleus, mitochondria,
endosymbiotic theory, cellular membrane, selective permeability, plasma membrane, phospholipid
bilayer, triglyceride, phospholipid, phosphate group, PO4, polar head, nonpolar tails, hydrophilic,
hydrophobic, fluid mosaic model, aqueous, transport protein, carbohydrate, cholesterol, cell wall,
cellular membrane, vacuole, nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria,
chytoplasm, rough ER, smooth ER, ribosomes, golgi body, lysosome
Review Questions:
8. What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? (Hint: look at the Venn diagram
we made together.)
Prokaryotes: have no nucleus, no membranes around their organelles, are simpler
Eukaryotes: have a nucleus, have membranes around their organelles, are more complex
9. What are the three parts of the cell theory?
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure in organisms.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
10. Draw and label a phospholipid. Where in the cell do you find phospholipids?
Found in the cellular membrane.
11. Label the picture of a phospholipid bilayer. Where is it hydrophobic? Where is it hydrophilic?
Where is it polar? Where is it non polar? Where are the fatty acid chains? Where are the
phosphates?
12. Where in the cell do you find the phospholipid bilayer?
Cellular membrane.
13. What do carbohydrates do for the phospholipid bilayer? Cholesterol? Transport proteins?
Carbohydrates: cell signaling molecules
Cholesterol: prevent fatty acids from sticking together (which would make the membrane
rigid)
Transport proteins: allow large molecules to pass through the membrane
14. Label the parts of the microscope using the following terms: ocular lens, low power objective,
medium power objective, high power objective, arm, base, course adjustment knob, find
adjustment knob, diaphragm, stage, stage clips)
Match the name of the organelle to its picture.
a. Smooth ER
b. Rough ER
c. Nucleus
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Lysosome
ab. Mitochondria
ac. Cell Wall
ad. Chloroplast
ae. Nucleolus
bc. Vacuole
bd. Free ribosomes
be. Cell membrane
cd. Nuclear membrane
1. Mitochondria
2. Ribosomes
3. Nuclear membrane
4. Golgi body
5. Nucleus
6. Nucleolus
7.Lysosome
8. Chloroplast
9. Smooth ER
10. Rough ER
11. Vacuole
12. Cellular membrane
13. Cell wall
List the function of each organelle.
1. Mitochondria- releases energy from food molecules
2. Ribosomes- makes proteins that stay in the cell
3. Nuclear membrane- controls what goes into and out of the nucleus
4. Golgi body- packages proteins for export
5. Nucleus- controls all cell functions
6. Nucleolus- makes ribosomes
7.Lysosome- digests particles
8. Chloroplast- site of photosynthesis
9. Smooth ER- makes lipids
10. Rough ER- makes proteins that leave the cell
11. Vacuole- storage
12. Cellular membrane- controls what goes into and out of the cell
13. Cell wall- provides protection and rigid support
Prokaryote:
A. Flagella: long, thread-like structure that allows the cell to move longer distances
B. Cell membrane: controls flow of nutrients into and out of the cell
C. Cell wall: protects the cell (also found in eukaryotic plant cells)
D. Capsule: found outside the cell wall; sticky structure that keeps bacteria from drying out
E. Nucleoid: region of the cell where the genetic material is located
F. Cytoplasm: fluid that fills the cell
G. Ribosomes: make proteins for the cell
H. Cilia: small, hair-like projections that allow the cell to move small amounts