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Unit A –Structures and Functions Biology 12 Cytology Unit – Review Sheet Name - ___________________ Answer the following questions in the space provided. This Assignment will be checked at the beginning of Tuesdays class for 25 homework marks. The answers will be posted Tuesday. A. Matching: Relate the function to the organelle Organelle B. Function lysosome ribosome RER a. photosynthesis b. packaging and secretion of proteins c. storage Golgi bodies/apparatus chloroplast cytoplasm chromosomes nucleolus nucleus mitochondrion SER vacuole d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. filled with nutrients and water control centre of cell steroid synthesis vesicle production protein synthesis cell respiration location of ribosome production intracellular digestion determine cell features Quick Questions: 1. What is the distinction between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? ___________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. The nucleus of a cell is enclosed by a ________ , which has pores for ______ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found? _____________________ 4. What does cytoplasm consist of? _______________________________________________ 5. The functions of a cell membrane are: _________________________________________ and ________________________________________________________________ 6. Cellular respiration is ______ + O2 → ______ + H2O + _______ 7. The folds inside a mitochondria are called _____________ 8. 2 locations where ribosomes can be found are: __________________________________ and __________________________________________________________________ 9. The ______________ E.R does not have any _______________ and so it can not synthesis ___________________ 1 Unit A –Structures and Functions Biology 12 10. Cellulose are sugars linked together by a _____________ bond 11. Cillia have a _____ + _____ arrangement of microtubules 12. ____________ bodies have a ____ + _____ arrangement and act as an anchor to flagella 13. What is the functional relationship between each of the following pairs of organelles? a. lysosomes and vesicles ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ b. ER and Golgi apparatus/bodies ____ ______________________________________________________________________ c. ribosomes and ER ____ ______________________________________________________________________ d. chloroplasts and mitochondria ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ e. Golgi bodies and vesicles ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ f. cell membrane and vesicles ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ g. ribosomes and nucleolus ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ h. RER and vesicles ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ i. Golgi body and lysosome ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 2 Unit A –Structures and Functions Biology 12 Part C. Diagram: Beside the letter, label the parts of the cell. J I A H B C G F E Multiple Choice 1. Which organelles will give off oxygen and use up carbon dioxide? A. Lysosomes. B. Mitochondria. C. Endoplasmic reticulum. C. Chloroplasts. 2. Which of the following BEST describes a function of endoplasmic reticulum? A. Intracellular transport. B. Communication. C. Energy distribution. D. Protein storage. 3. Which of the following structures is present in a prokaryotic cell? A. Mitochondria. B. Nucleus. C. Ribosome. D. Endoplasmic reticulum. 4. Which of the following is true for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. Manufacture enzymes. B. Form vesicles for exocytosis. C. Have nuclear membranes. D. Have chromosomes composed of DNA. 5. To which of the following organelles would microtubules be most closely associated? A. Chloroplasts. B. Mitochondria. C. Cilia. D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. 6. Which of the following BEST describes the function of the organelle below? A. Intracellular digestion. B. Protein synthesis. C. Modifying cellular products for secretion. D. Phagocytosis. 3 Unit A –Structures and Functions Biology 12 7. Which of these pairs is BEST associated with plant cells? A. Cilia and flagella. B. Chloroplasts and centrioles. C. Rounded shape and flexibiity. D. Cell walls and large central vacuoles. NAME Describe its STRUCTURE FUNCTION Digestion of intra (inside) cellular material or used in cell death Large, circular, dark staining object in the nucleus Centriole Used for cell locomotion or movement of the cell Bean shaped organelle with a multi-folded inner membrane Microfilament Packages materials for export out of the cell. Also makes vesicles This structure is made mostly of cellulose Vesicle Photosynthesis takes place here Smooth E.R. Polysome Controls what enters and exits the cell. 4 Biology 12 Unit A –Structures and Functions E. Long Answer Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of microtubules and microfilaments. Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of cilia and flagella. Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of a basal body and a centriole. State the differences between plants and animal cells. State the difference between a polysome and a ribosome. 5