Download Organism of the Day: Cheetah

Organism of the Day: Cheetah
Acinonyx jubatus
Ancient Egyptians tamed Cheetahs and kept them as pets.
Cheetahs can reach speeds of 70 to 75 mph, making it the fastest land animal. Cheetahs can accelerate from 0 to 63 mph in 3 seconds!
Very low genetic variability among cheetahs. This is thought to be due to a bottleneck during the last ice age.
1. How do large lungs enable a Cheetah to move at high speeds?
2. What organelle uses oxygen and is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
1
Biology
Tuesday/Wednesday December 4/5, 2012
1. Organism of the Day 2. Review Notes on Cells
3. Continue Notes on Cells
4. Begin Cell Story Project Announcements
Due Thursday/Friday, December 4/5: Read 7.2 and answer questions 1 ­ 5
2
Two Cell Types
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
3
Prokaryotes = Bacteria (mostly)
CHARACTERISTICS
• Simple
• Small
• Cell membrane and cell wall
• No membrane­
bound organelles but do have ribosomes.
• Have DNA, but not in a nucleus
4
What bacteria Do:
• Autotrophs
• Produce oxygen
•
•
•
•
•
Fix nitrogen
Recycle nutrients
Form antibiotics
Help in digestions/formation of vitamins
Production of cheese and yogurt
5
Two Cell Types
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
6
Eukaryotes
Characteristics
1. More complex
2. Larger
3. Cell membrane.
4. Membrane bound organelles
5. DNA in nucleus
7
PARTS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS
• Cell wall
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cell membrane
Lysosomes
Mitochondria
Nucleus Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Cytoskeleton
Microtubules
Cilia
Know These!!!
8
Cell Wall
Support and protects plant and fungi cells. Made of cellulose in plants and chitin in fungi
Plasma Membrane
Controls what comes in/out of a cell.
9
Eukaryotes
Organelles are important in keeping non­
compatible reactions separate, yet allowing them to happen at the same time!
10
Endocytosis
11
Lysosomes
Contain enzymes to break down food brought in by endocytosis; can also break down own molecules for recycling.
12
Mitochondria
Break down food to produce adenosine triphosphate, ATP. ATP provides the cell with an accessible source of energy. Can you name a functional group in ATP?
13
Nucleus
Contains chromosomes which are DNA wrapped around protein spools. Also contains nucleoli, which are areas where rRNA and tRNA are made.
14
Ribosomes
Synthesize proteins
15
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A system of tubes that carry proteins to destinations in the cells and alters proteins as they move.
16
Golgi Apparatus
Where proteins from the ER are further refined and packaged for final transport.
17
Vacuoles
Found in both plant and animal cells; store water, digestive enzymes, salts, pigments, etc.
18
Cytoskeleton
A network of protein fibers that help the cell keep its shape and helps things move around (like a freeway).
19
Eukaryotic Cells
20
Cell Story Project
21
Exit Questions:
Identify one difference between plant and animal cells.
Reminders:
Due Thursday/Friday December 6/7: Read 7.2 and answer questions 1 ­ 5.
`
22