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RNA • Ribonucleic Acid • Singlestranded • Contains uracil instead of thymine RNA • RNA like DNA is composed of nucleotides– 5 carbon sugar (ribose) – phosphate group – nitrogenous bases ( adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine) Give the complementary strand of RNA. • DNA-ATGCATTACGAAGCTT • RNA-____________________ What are 3 major differences that make RNA different from DNA? • Sugar-Ribose (RNA) • Nitrogenous Base- Uracil (RNA) • Single-Stranded (RNA) There are 3 main types of RNA: A. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – combines with proteins to make ribosomes B. Transfer RNA (tRNA) – during translation, it transfers each amino acid to the ribosome to make proteins C. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carries copies of instructions to make new DNA Similarities and differences between RNA and DNA DNA Full Name Sugar Shape Function Nitrogenous Bases Location RNA Similarities and differences between RNA and DNA DNA RNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Deoxyribose Ribonucleic Acid Double-Stranded Single-Stranded Function Stores Genetic Information Copies DNA Nitrogenous Bases Location Adenine, Thymine, Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine Guanine, Cytosine Full Name Sugar Shape DNA can’t leave the nucleus Ribose RNA can leave the nucleus Transcription • During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. RNA polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA. • So, RNA is making a single-stranded copy from DNA that takes information out of the nucleus. • Transcription: RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA. • Instead of DNA polymerase that is used in replication, RNA polymerase is used to begin the transcription process. • WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RNA and DNA? – RNA can’t be copied without DNA. – DNA can’t send it’s information through the cell without RNA. • Where does replication take place? – Nucleus • Where does transcription take place? – Nucleus • Where does translation take place? – Ribosome Transcription Animation • http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conte nt/chp12/1202001.html • http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flash animat/molgenetics/transcription.swf Translation Animation • http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flash animat/molgenetics/translation.swf • http://www.biostudio.com/demo_freeman_ protein_synthesis.htm • http://www.johnkyrk.com/ • http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/ chapter15/animations.html#