Download D. Eisenhower Polio Myelitis: A Virus which caused Nerve cell

SKELETAL SYSTEM
The Functions of Skeletal System
 Protect
Act as Levers
 Serve as Attachments for muscles
The Skeletal System Continued
 There are 206 bones in the human body.
 Examples of bones are:
• Skull – Head
• Jaw Bone – Mandible
• Clavicle – Collar Bone
• Scapula – Shoulder Blade
• Humerus – Upper Arm
• Radius/Ulna – Lower Arm
•Carpals – Wrist
Bones of the Skeletal System
Continued:
• Sternum – Breast Bone
• Ribs (24?)
• Vertebrae – Spinal Cord
• Ilium – Hip Bone
• Femur – Thigh Bone
• Patella – Knee Cap
• Tibia – Shin Bone
• Fibula
• Tarsals – Ankle/Foot
I found
the femur
Facts Concerning the Skeletal System
 Inside the bone there is a hallow space
filled with a sponge like substance know as
Marrow where Red Blood Cells are produced.
 Bursa Sacs are located around the joints of
the body and secrete Synovia Fluid which
Lubricates the movements of the bones.
 Ligaments serve as connecting tissue holding
bones together.
 Tendons hold muscles to bones.
Cartilage
Joints of the Human Body
 Ball and Socket
 Pivot
 Hinge
 Gliding
 Fused
Problems Concerning the Skeletal System
 Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa Sacs.
Arthritis: Inflammation of the Joints.
NERO-MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 The functions of muscles:
•Provides force on the bones
• Acts as a auxiliary pump for the Heart
• Overcomes the forces of gravity
 The “All or None Law” of muscle
physiology: If the stimulus reaches
Threshold response (no matter how
Strong or weak) then the whole muscle
will contract and if it doesn’t then none
of the muscle will contract.
Examples of Muscles
• Frontalis
•Temporalis
• Pectoralis Major
• Deltoid
• Biceps Brachi
• Triceps
• Rectus Abdominis
• Rectus Femoris
• Tibialis Anterior
THE
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Heart Beat
Respiration
Digestion
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
 The Central Nervous System is made up
of the brain and spinal cord.
 Sensory Nerves take messages to the brain.
 Motor Nerves take messages away
from the brain.
 Association Nerve Cells are specialized
nerve cells which intercept and direct a
reflex motor response in order to
protect the body.
The Parts of the Brain
 Cerebrum contains centers for memory,
intelligence, emotions, speech, hearing,
and vision.
 Cerebellum contains centers that controls
muscle movement.
 Mid-Brain and pons serve primarily as
connecting stations for the brain.
 Medulla Oblongata contains centers for
heart beat and respiration.
Human Brain
The Nerve Cell Function
 Axon takes message from one nerve to
another.
 Dendrites receives the messages from
an axon from another cell.
 Nota Bene: The axon and dendrite do
not touch there is a gap between them.
this gap is a bridged by a synapse
facilitated by a chemical known as
Acetyicholine which is active in the
transmission of nerve impulses.
The Nerve Cell
DISORDERS OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Julius Caesar
 EPILEPSY: Grand and Petite Mild
believed to be caused by pressure
on the brain.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Stroke or Apoplexy: Oxygen is cut off
to the brain. Brain damage may resul
as well as loss of certain voluntary
muscle functions.
Woodrow Wilson
Dr. Jonas Salk
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Polio Myelitis: A Virus which caused Nerve cell
damage. Two doctors Invented vaccines to immunize
people from Polio Dr. Salk via injection and Dr. Sabin
developed an oral vaccine.
Dr. Albert Sabin
Multiple Sclerosis
A disease marked by patches of hardened
tissue in the brain or spinal cord resulting in
partial or complete paralysis and muscular
twitching.
Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Michael J. Fox
A degenerative disorder of the central
nervous system that often impairs the suffers
motor skills, speech, and functions i.e. muscle
rigidity, tremor, slowing of and/or loss of
physical movement.
Janet W. Reno
Lou Gehrig’s Disease
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(ALS)
A progressive neuromuscular disease that weakens
and destroys motor neurons that connect the brain
with the skeletal muscles. Patients become paralyzed
and often require ventilation. Loss of respiratory
function is ultimately the cause of death.