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Transcript
BIOL 3340 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Microbial Cell Structure Eucaryotes Eucaryotic Cell Structure •membrane-delimited nuclei •membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions •more structurally complex than procaryotic cell •generally larger than procaryotic cell Size, Shape, and Arrangement of Eucaryotes Yeast cell and Protozoan cell Functions of the cell organelles Eucaryotic Membranes Includes: animal & plant cells, fungi & protists (protozoa & algae). Have a true nucleus with DNA DNA is enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus membrane-enclosed cell organelles …Eucaryotic Membranes the fluid mosaic model is based on eucaryotic membranes They are enriched with lipids and proteins They participate in a variety of cell processes such as cell movement and transduction Cell Structure of Eucaryotes- animal cell Cell Structure of Eucaryotes- Plant Cell …Eucaryotic membrane Cytoplasm Many organelles of eucaryotic cells lie in the cytoplasmic matrix The cytoplasmic matrix -vast network of interconnected filaments. Filaments that form the cytoskeleton: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. plays role in both cell shape and cell movement ..Cytoplasmic Matrix Viscous aqueous suspension of proteins, nucleic acid, dissolved organic compounds, mineral salts Network of protein fibers similar to the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies: granules of organic or inorganic material that are stockpiled by the cell for future use. some are enclosed by a singlelayered membrane Microfilaments minute protein filaments, 4 to 7 nm in diameter scattered within cytoplasmic matrix or organized into networks and parallel arrays composed of actin protein involved in cell motion and shape changes Microtubules shaped like thin cylinders ~ 25 nm in diameter composed of a- and b-tubulin help maintain cell shape involved with microfilaments in cell movements participate in intracellular transport processes …The Endoplasmic Reticulum irregular network of branching and fusing membranous tubules and flattened sacs (cisternae – s., cisterna). rough ER ribosomes attached synthesis of secreted proteins by ER-associated ribosomes smooth ER devoid of ribosomes synthesis of lipids by ER-associated enzymes The Endoplasmic Reticulum …The Endoplasmic Reticulum The ribosomes -sites of synthesis of some proteins that it transports transports proteins, lipids, and other materials within cell. Ribosomes in the eukaryotic cytoplasm are larger than prokaryotic ribosomes Ribosomes are also found within mitochondria and chloroplasts; the ribosomes of these organelles are very similar in structure & size to prokaryotic Mitochondria site where ATP is generated by electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation ..Mitochondria Chloroplasts site of photosynthetic reactions Nucleus Nucleus: membrane-bound structure that houses genetic material of eucaryotic cell Chromatin dense fibrous material within nucleus contains DNA condenses to form chromosomes during cell division …Nucleus Nuclear envelope: double membrane structure that delimits nucleus penetrated by nuclear pores pores allow materials to be transported into or out of nucleus Nucleolus: important in ribosome synthesis Other cell inclusions Golgi bodies- involved in modification, packaging, and secretion of materials Lysosomes- membrane-bound vesicles found in most eucaryotes involved in intracellular digestion Vacuoles-transport system Reproduction Eucaryotes: asexual reproduction transverse fission budding spore production sexual reproduction involves union of compatible nuclei followed by formation of sexual spores Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_metho d https://files.kennesaw.edu/faculty/jhendrix/bi o3340/home.html Lecture PowerPoints Prescott’s Principles of Microbiology-Mc Graw Hill Co. http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/i mages;_ylt=A0geu_aaKX5JiBkAeUBXNyoA ?ei=UTF8&p=rough%20endoplasmic%20reticulum &fr2=tab-web&fr=yfp-t-501-s