Download Psych 2 Practice Test - b

Psych 2 Practice Test #1
1. The hindsight bias may be defined as all of the following except:
a. The “I-knew-it-all” phenomenon
b. One’s intuition about a certain decision or choice
c. Has only been observed in the United States
d. The inclination to see events as being more predictable than they
were before they took place
2. Which of the following does not lead us to overestimate our intuition?
a. Overconfidence
b. Chance-related explanation
c. Hindsight bias
d. Tendency to perceive patterns
3. Neurons, also called nerve cells, are the building blocks of our body and
transmit information. Each nerve is composed of an axon, dendrite, and
myelin sheath. The _________ is responsible for sending information while the
_________ is responsible for receiving information and _________ is the fatty
tissue that insulates the axons.
a. Axon, dendrite, myelin sheath
b. Dendrite, axon, myelin sheath
c. Myelin sheath, axon, dendrite
d. None of the above
4. Neurons receive signals that are either _________, which is similar to
accelerating or _________, which is equivalent to pushing the brakes.
a. All-or-none response, inhibitory
b. Excitatory, inhibitory
c. Inhibitory, excitatory
d. Inhibitory, all-or-none response
5. What happens in the reuptake of a neuron?
a. The synaptic gap is momentarily closed
b. The axon signal is reserved back to the next dendrite
c. A sending neuron reabsorbs neurotransmitters
6. What triggers the release of neurotransmitters?
a. Resting potential of an axon
b. Depolarization of an axon
c. Increase in the level of stimulation
d. When an action potential reaches the end of an axon
7. The axon doesn’t allow just anything through it’s gates. We call this term:
a. Action potenial
b. Selectively permeable
c. All-or-none response
For questions 8-14, use the following terms. Each term should only be used once.
Synaptic vesicle
neurotransmitter
receptor
axon terminal
reuptake pump
dendrite
synaptic cleft
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14. TRUE or FALSE: Increasing the level of stimulation above the threshold will
increase the neural impulse’s intensity.
15. The resting potential of a neuron is characterized by mostly _________ charged
ions on the interior and _________ charged ions on the axon’s fluid exterior.
16. What is responsible for gathering information and transmitting central nervous
decision to other body parts?
a. Peripheral nervous system
b. Interneurons
c. Sensory neurons
d. Brain and spinal cord
17.The autonomic nervous system is made up of both the sympathetic nervous
system and the parasympathic nervous system. Which of these is responsible for
acceleration of heartbeat, increase in blood sugar, and perspiration (sweating)?
a. Sympathetic nervous system
b. Parasympathetic nervous system
c. Both
d. None of the above
18. Which of the following is responsible for a dilation of the pupils and relaxation of
the bladder?
a. Sympathetic nervous system
b. Parasympathetic nervous system
c. Both
d. None of the above
19.Which is responsible for communicating within the Central Nervous System and
intervening between incoming and outgoing messages?
a. Motor neurons
b. Sensory neurons
c. Interneurons
d. None of the above
20.Normally if you put your finger over a flame, our reflex, or automatic response to
stimuli, is to jerk our finger away. This process involves the spinal cord, sensory
neurons, and motor neurons. List the order in which the information is carried from
the sensory neurons to the muscles in the hand and arm.
21. The endocrine system make another form of chemical messengers called
hormones. When hormones act on the brain, they influence our interest in all of the
following except:
a. food
b. aggression
c. sex
d. hormones influence our interest in all of the above
e.
22.Which of the following is responsible for our fight-or-flight response?
a. hypothalamus
b. parathyroids
c. adrenal glands
d. thyroid gland
23.What is the effect of the following hormones: epinephrine and norepinephrine?
a. Increase in heart rate
b. Decrease in blood sugar
c. Increase in blood pressure
d. A and C
e. A and B
f. A, B, and C
24.Which of the following is called the master gland?
a. Adrenal gland
b. pancreas
c. thyroid gland
d. pituitary gland
25.Which of the following tools shows brain activity by showing the brain’s
consumption of sugar glucose?
a. PET scan (positron emission topography)
b. EEG (electroencephalogram)
c. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
None of the above
For questions 26-30, fill in the diagram with the following terminology. Each term
should only be used once.
Medulla
Reticular formation
Pons
Thalamus
Brainstem
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28.
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31.Which of the following is responsible for coordinating movement?
a.Medulla
b.Pons
c.Thalamus
d.Reticular Formation
32.Between the oldest and newest brain areas lies the limbic system. This system
includes all of the following except:
a. hippocampus
b. hypothalamus
c. cerebellum
d. amygdala
33.Which structure is known for processing memory?
a. hippocampus
b. hypothalamus
c. amygdala
d. none of the above
33.Which structure is involved in aggression and fear responses?
a. hippocampus
b. hypothalamus
c. amygdala
d. none of the above
34.What is the cortical area that specializes in receiving information from skin
senses and movement of body parts?
a. Motor cortex
b. Visual cortex
c. sensory cortex
d. auditory cortex
35.Damage to which of the following lobes is responsible for personality alteration
and lack of inhibition?
a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Temporal lobe
d. Occipital lobe
36. Memory may be defined as learning that has persisted over time. Which of the
following is NOT considered evidence that learning exists:
a. repeat
b. recall
c. recognition
d. relearning
37. A multiple choice test would be an example of _________ while a fill in the blank
test would be an example of _________.
a. Repeat, recognition
b. Recognition, recall
c. Repeat, recall
d. recall, recognition
38.Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin proposed a 3 step model to explain our
memory-forming process, which included long-term memory, sensory memory,
short-term memory (not in that order). Put the terms just described in order.
a. Long-term memorysensory memoryshort-term memory
b. Long-term memoryshort-term memorysensory memory
c. sensory memoryshort memorylong-term memory
d. short-term memorylong-term memorysensory memory
39.There are different tools and strategies that we each use to remember something.
For example mentally repeating the your homework until you can find your planner
to write it down is an example of _________, while making flashcards for this test
would be an example of _________.
a. Auditory rehearsal, visual-spatial information
b. Visual-spatial information, auditory rehearsal
c. Working memory, visual-spatial information
d. both are example of visual-spatial information
40.Explicit memories are an example of _________, while implicit or nondeclarative
memories are an example of _________,
a. auditory rehearsal, effortful processing
b. visual-spatial information, effortful processing
c. effortful processing, automatic processing
d. automatic processing, effortful processing
41.What is the difference between iconic and echoic memory?
a. Iconic is sensory memory of visual stimuli, echoic is fleeting memory
for auditory stimuli
b. Echoic memory is what you do when you repeat something to yourself
over and over again
c. Echoic is sensory memory of visual stimuli, iconic is fleeting memory
for auditory stimuli
d. Iconic memory is what differentiates those with photographic
memories
42.TRUE or FALSE: Older adults have more working-memory capacity because their
mental workspace is more developed than that of a young adult.
43.Chunk, mnemonics, and hierarchies are al examples of what:
a. Sensory memory
b. Effortful processing stages
c. Encoding and effortful processing
d. Short-term and working memory
e. A and D
f. A and C
g. B and C
h. All of the above
44.What is the example of the spacing effect?
a. Short-term memory
b. Distributed practice
c. Massed practice
d. Cramming
45.TRUE or FALSE: Scientists have found that rereading a text over and over allows
it to seep into our long-term memory quicker and in a more efficient manner.
46.Which is type of processing allows us to better our retention of information?
a. Shallow processing
b. Deep processing
c. Self-assessment
d. Both are equally bad
47. If you try to make the material you are learning personally meaningful, are you
processing at a shallow or a deep level?
a. Shallow level
b. Deep level
c. Neither
d. Both
48.Whihc of the following is the equivalent of the “save” button for our brains?
a. hypothalamus
b. hippocampus
c. adrenal glands
d. thyroid gland
49. During deep sleep, the _________ processes memories for later retrieval.
a. hypothalamus
b. hippocampus
c. cerebellum
d. amygdala
50. The _________ plays a key role in forming and storing the implicit memories
created by classical conditioning.
a. hypothalamus
b. hippocampus
c. cerebellum
d. thyroid gland
51.What is the example of a flashbulb memory?
a. Your most recent breakup
b. 9/11
c. your best friend’s birthday
d. the date of your birth
52.What happens if you learn information and then are momentarily knocked out?
a. Long-term memory can potentially be disrupted
b. Nothing-everything is totally fine
c. Both short-term and long-term memory are disrupted
d. short-term memory is disrupted
53. Which brain area responds to stress hormones by helping to create stronger
memories?
a. hypothalamus
b. hippocampus
c. cerebellum
d. amygdala
54.What is the term for the act of self-reflection?
a. structuralism
b. functionalism
c. mind
d. introspection
55.Is introspection reliable? Why or why not?
56. Human traits are an example of _________ while the grammar I use in everyday
language is an example of _________.
a. Nature, nurture
b. Nurture, nature
c. Nature, nature,
d. Nurture, nurture
57.Charles Darwin is famous for proposing the evolutionary process of _________.
58.Researchers are interested to see the effect of adderal and the study habits of
ADHD patients. They decide to administer pills to 200 college students. Half the
students were given adderal and the other half were given placebo pills. Neither the
researchers nor the students knew if they were given a real adderal pill or a placebo
pill. How would you define this type of experiment?
a. Observer bias
b. Double-blind procedure
c. Single-blind procedure
d. Experimental group
Fill in the Blank: Match the following terms with the corresponding definitions. Each
term should be used only once. You may not use all terms
MDMA
Stimulant
Cocaine
Hallucinogen
Ecstasy
Opiates
59.Repeated use of _________ may cause the brain to stop producing endorphins.
60. _________ include caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine (“speed”) and
Ecstasy.
61.The street name for _________ is _________. It is both a stimulant and a mild
hallucinogen. Its major effect is releasing stored serotonin and blocking its reuptake,
thus prolonging serotonin’s feel-good flood.
62. _________ can be snorted, injected or smoked. It was also found in a popular soda
back in the early 1900’s.
63.LSD is an example of a _________.
64. Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?
a. caffeine
b. heroin
c. cocaine
d. nicotine