Fear Conditioning and Reconsolidation
... snakes is hiking through the woods and gets attacked by a snake (unconditioned stimulus or ‘US’) in a patch of leaves, which causes a rustling sound (conditioned stimulus or ‘CS’), their fear response might manifest in paralyzing or freezing behavior (unconditioned response or ‘UR’). Because of the ...
... snakes is hiking through the woods and gets attacked by a snake (unconditioned stimulus or ‘US’) in a patch of leaves, which causes a rustling sound (conditioned stimulus or ‘CS’), their fear response might manifest in paralyzing or freezing behavior (unconditioned response or ‘UR’). Because of the ...
EMDR – more than just a therapy for PTSD?
... among the various associations that arise internally during the sets of eye movements, which often leads to an increase in the sense of mastery in being able to go back and forth between experiencing the event and the ‘here and now’. This experience of mastery and efficacy may therefore become encod ...
... among the various associations that arise internally during the sets of eye movements, which often leads to an increase in the sense of mastery in being able to go back and forth between experiencing the event and the ‘here and now’. This experience of mastery and efficacy may therefore become encod ...
Interplay between Syntax and Semantics during Sentence
... of words (see Vosse & Kempen, 2000 for a computational model). The approach taken here was to exploit the fact that different types of electrophysiological brain activity (i.e., event-related brain potentials [ERPs]) have been shown to honor the distinction between the processing of syntactic and se ...
... of words (see Vosse & Kempen, 2000 for a computational model). The approach taken here was to exploit the fact that different types of electrophysiological brain activity (i.e., event-related brain potentials [ERPs]) have been shown to honor the distinction between the processing of syntactic and se ...
Desire for amputation of a limb: paraphilia, psychosis, or a new type
... that put the subject at risk of death and one-third enlisting a surgeon to amputate their healthy limb. The most common reported reason for wanting an amputation was the subject’s feeling that it would correct a mismatch between the person’s anatomy and sense of his or her ‘true ’ self (identity). N ...
... that put the subject at risk of death and one-third enlisting a surgeon to amputate their healthy limb. The most common reported reason for wanting an amputation was the subject’s feeling that it would correct a mismatch between the person’s anatomy and sense of his or her ‘true ’ self (identity). N ...
ex1
... the development of computers. b. extended over a long period of time, beginning in the early part of the century, in reaction to Wundt’s introspection experiments. c. was a gradual process that occurred over a few decades. d. was not really necessary because the study of the mind has been a constan ...
... the development of computers. b. extended over a long period of time, beginning in the early part of the century, in reaction to Wundt’s introspection experiments. c. was a gradual process that occurred over a few decades. d. was not really necessary because the study of the mind has been a constan ...
How Do We Know That We Know? The Accessibility Model
... has much in common with the notion of a "fluency heuristic" that is assumed to underlie the experience of familiarity. According to this position, the subjective experience of remembering is not simply a product of a memory trace but instead relies on an inference. The cues for that inference are to ...
... has much in common with the notion of a "fluency heuristic" that is assumed to underlie the experience of familiarity. According to this position, the subjective experience of remembering is not simply a product of a memory trace but instead relies on an inference. The cues for that inference are to ...
fulltext
... UCS), becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS) that in itself produces the physiological reaction. The process of conditioning was first reported by Ivan Pavlov in 1907 and is sometimes simply called Pavlovian conditioning (Pavlov, 1927). When the UCS involved elicits a physiological fear reaction, the p ...
... UCS), becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS) that in itself produces the physiological reaction. The process of conditioning was first reported by Ivan Pavlov in 1907 and is sometimes simply called Pavlovian conditioning (Pavlov, 1927). When the UCS involved elicits a physiological fear reaction, the p ...
Words in the brain`s language
... activity, they will be a stronger influence on each other. This implies that these neurons will be more likely to act together as a group. Hebb (1949) calls such anatomically and functionally connected neuron groups “cell assemblies.” The strong within-assembly connections are likely to have two imp ...
... activity, they will be a stronger influence on each other. This implies that these neurons will be more likely to act together as a group. Hebb (1949) calls such anatomically and functionally connected neuron groups “cell assemblies.” The strong within-assembly connections are likely to have two imp ...
Strong items get suppressed, weak items do not: The role of item
... ones. However, if mainly strong items are subject to interference effects, the reversed order would be more efficient. Evidence for such a reversed order in free recall has arisen from the results of a recent study by Wixted, Ghadisha, and Vera (1997). They found that subjects recalled a list’s stro ...
... ones. However, if mainly strong items are subject to interference effects, the reversed order would be more efficient. Evidence for such a reversed order in free recall has arisen from the results of a recent study by Wixted, Ghadisha, and Vera (1997). They found that subjects recalled a list’s stro ...
IMAGERY PERSPECTIVE AND MEMORY RECALL 1 Accepted for
... perspective imagery is related to a greater sense of ‘reliving’ and subjective emotionality (see also Eich et al., 2009). Additionally we hypothesized that the posterior cingulate cortex/ precuneus would show greater activity during observer perspective imagery as compared to field perspective image ...
... perspective imagery is related to a greater sense of ‘reliving’ and subjective emotionality (see also Eich et al., 2009). Additionally we hypothesized that the posterior cingulate cortex/ precuneus would show greater activity during observer perspective imagery as compared to field perspective image ...
2301WorkbookWeiten
... Sam's psychology professor, Dr. Smith, recruited him to serve as a research assistant. Sam's job was to teach study participants a new strategy for studying textbook material. Experimental group participants were supposed to be taught the new strategy, while control group participants were to be tol ...
... Sam's psychology professor, Dr. Smith, recruited him to serve as a research assistant. Sam's job was to teach study participants a new strategy for studying textbook material. Experimental group participants were supposed to be taught the new strategy, while control group participants were to be tol ...
Memory
... – Strategies—the use of mental activities to improve the processing of information—improve in these areas: • Organization: More likely to be used by older children and adults. • Elaboration: Adolescents are more likely to use elaboration spontaneously than children. • Imagery: Encouraging children t ...
... – Strategies—the use of mental activities to improve the processing of information—improve in these areas: • Organization: More likely to be used by older children and adults. • Elaboration: Adolescents are more likely to use elaboration spontaneously than children. • Imagery: Encouraging children t ...
do simultaneously presented visual and auditory
... attention. In two conditions, participants were presented with auditory and visual stimuli that conveyed the same information (consistent), but they were instructed to attend to either the auditory or the visual stimulus. In the other two conditions, the auditory and visual stimuli conveyed differen ...
... attention. In two conditions, participants were presented with auditory and visual stimuli that conveyed the same information (consistent), but they were instructed to attend to either the auditory or the visual stimulus. In the other two conditions, the auditory and visual stimuli conveyed differen ...
The Wick in the Candle of Learning
... normalized (i.e., the individual’s mean curiosity was subtracted from each rating, and the resulting value was divided by that individual’s standard deviation). The confidence scale ranged from 0 to 100%, but was rescaled to range from 0 to 1. Verbal or typed responses are not easy to collect in a s ...
... normalized (i.e., the individual’s mean curiosity was subtracted from each rating, and the resulting value was divided by that individual’s standard deviation). The confidence scale ranged from 0 to 100%, but was rescaled to range from 0 to 1. Verbal or typed responses are not easy to collect in a s ...
Hebb repetition learning 1 VISUAL AND PHONOLOGICAL HEBB
... spatial tapping-order is maintained even though the to-be-typed digit-sequence is changed. After the participant had clicked the appropriate number of responses, they were able to advance to the next trial by pressing the spacebar. For the block involving CA, participants were required to repeat the ...
... spatial tapping-order is maintained even though the to-be-typed digit-sequence is changed. After the participant had clicked the appropriate number of responses, they were able to advance to the next trial by pressing the spacebar. For the block involving CA, participants were required to repeat the ...
Magnitude of the Object Recognition Deficit
... sample object). The discrimination ratio, D2 (Ennaceur & Delacour, 1988) is the difference in time spent exploring the novel and familiar objects divided by the total time spent exploring objects in the test phase (i.e., D1 divided by total exploration). These two measures of discrimination were cal ...
... sample object). The discrimination ratio, D2 (Ennaceur & Delacour, 1988) is the difference in time spent exploring the novel and familiar objects divided by the total time spent exploring objects in the test phase (i.e., D1 divided by total exploration). These two measures of discrimination were cal ...
Cognitive Functions in Depression and Anxiety
... depression diagnoses. The overall conclusion that can be drawn from the thesis is that depression in particular, but also anxiety, are serious conditions that affect cognitive functioning indicating that these disorders are associated with brain dysfunction. This, in turn, may have a large negative ...
... depression diagnoses. The overall conclusion that can be drawn from the thesis is that depression in particular, but also anxiety, are serious conditions that affect cognitive functioning indicating that these disorders are associated with brain dysfunction. This, in turn, may have a large negative ...
Revealing Past Memories: Proactive Interference
... Except for the study examining state-dependent effects, all rats received no more than one ketamine treatment per week. All procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of University of Connecticut and National Institutes of ...
... Except for the study examining state-dependent effects, all rats received no more than one ketamine treatment per week. All procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of University of Connecticut and National Institutes of ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... that same object along with a novel or less familiar object. Selection of the novel object (nonmatching) is rewarded in DNMS, whereas in delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) selection of the familiar object is rewarded. In the “trialunique” version of DNMS and DMS both the novel and the familiar objects ...
... that same object along with a novel or less familiar object. Selection of the novel object (nonmatching) is rewarded in DNMS, whereas in delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) selection of the familiar object is rewarded. In the “trialunique” version of DNMS and DMS both the novel and the familiar objects ...
DSM-5 QUIZ QUESTIONS (Word docx version)
... True/False Quiz questions on the DSM-5 These questions were designed to guide your learning about changes and important points in the DSM5. You can get 15 CE credits for only $69 by taking this quiz at PsychContinuingEd.com. You enter your answers to the quiz questions online in our Moodle. Note: th ...
... True/False Quiz questions on the DSM-5 These questions were designed to guide your learning about changes and important points in the DSM5. You can get 15 CE credits for only $69 by taking this quiz at PsychContinuingEd.com. You enter your answers to the quiz questions online in our Moodle. Note: th ...
Isolated Retrograde Amnesia
... complex with other cortical structures, the experience of an event is mediated and by this process multiple traces are formed over time. Nadel and Moscovitch (1997) proposed that older memories require more memory traces compared with recent memories and that successful retrieval is facilitated by a ...
... complex with other cortical structures, the experience of an event is mediated and by this process multiple traces are formed over time. Nadel and Moscovitch (1997) proposed that older memories require more memory traces compared with recent memories and that successful retrieval is facilitated by a ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... Free recall and recognition are simulated in a network model of the hippocampal formation, incorporating simplified simulations of neurons, synaptic connections, and the effects of acetylcholine. Simulations focus on modeling the effects of the acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human mem ...
... Free recall and recognition are simulated in a network model of the hippocampal formation, incorporating simplified simulations of neurons, synaptic connections, and the effects of acetylcholine. Simulations focus on modeling the effects of the acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human mem ...
Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... passive phonological short-term store. Another study used position emission tomography (PET) to investigate the cortical regions for the maintenance of spatial versus phonological information in working memory[18]. They found that bilateral anterior and posterior intraparietal sulcus, as well as rig ...
... passive phonological short-term store. Another study used position emission tomography (PET) to investigate the cortical regions for the maintenance of spatial versus phonological information in working memory[18]. They found that bilateral anterior and posterior intraparietal sulcus, as well as rig ...
Laminar Cortical Dynamics of Cognitive and Motor Working Memory
... D’Esposito, 2003). LIST PARSE simulates monkey sensory-motor data with the same model that it uses to simulate the human cognitive data. It also leads to a new proposal for how to explain cognitive and neurophysiological data showing conjunctive coding of item, order, and list position in a list. LI ...
... D’Esposito, 2003). LIST PARSE simulates monkey sensory-motor data with the same model that it uses to simulate the human cognitive data. It also leads to a new proposal for how to explain cognitive and neurophysiological data showing conjunctive coding of item, order, and list position in a list. LI ...
Memory, aging and external memory aids
... Executive functions are important when speaking about memory functioning and performance. Executive functions is a broad term involving mechanisms such as coordination, monitoring, selection, set-switching, attention control and inhibition control. All of these mechanisms are said to be important fo ...
... Executive functions are important when speaking about memory functioning and performance. Executive functions is a broad term involving mechanisms such as coordination, monitoring, selection, set-switching, attention control and inhibition control. All of these mechanisms are said to be important fo ...