Emotional experiences of tension and suspense: psychological
... the close connection between musical tension and music-evoked emotion. A methodologically similar fMRI study investigating neural correlates of suspense evoked by a literary text found suspenseful text segments to be associated with activity in medial prefrontal, inferior frontal, as well as posteri ...
... the close connection between musical tension and music-evoked emotion. A methodologically similar fMRI study investigating neural correlates of suspense evoked by a literary text found suspenseful text segments to be associated with activity in medial prefrontal, inferior frontal, as well as posteri ...
Orbital position dependency is different for the gain of externally and
... cannot explain the absence of centrifugal±centripetal gain differences. The gain of scanning saccades showed less variability than did the gain of gap saccades. Even memory saccades were only slightly more variable than gap saccades. Functional consequences: Our results are not consistent with the i ...
... cannot explain the absence of centrifugal±centripetal gain differences. The gain of scanning saccades showed less variability than did the gain of gap saccades. Even memory saccades were only slightly more variable than gap saccades. Functional consequences: Our results are not consistent with the i ...
Normal sleep and circadian rhythms: Neurobiologic mechanisms
... Activated refers to an active mind (dreams) and the EEG pattern characteristic of wakefulness. Paradoxically, individuals in REM sleep, although activated, are behaviorally less responsive than during the wake state [2], [3]. Desynchronized refers to the random-appearing wave pattern seen on the REM ...
... Activated refers to an active mind (dreams) and the EEG pattern characteristic of wakefulness. Paradoxically, individuals in REM sleep, although activated, are behaviorally less responsive than during the wake state [2], [3]. Desynchronized refers to the random-appearing wave pattern seen on the REM ...
Psychopharmacology of conditioned reward
... stimuli and reward processes interact in a highly specific manner; analyses of this phenomenon may provide valuable insight into the processes that underlie reward-related learning. The effects of dopaminergic agents with different mechanisms of action in this paradigm have revealed several interest ...
... stimuli and reward processes interact in a highly specific manner; analyses of this phenomenon may provide valuable insight into the processes that underlie reward-related learning. The effects of dopaminergic agents with different mechanisms of action in this paradigm have revealed several interest ...
Why We Sleep: The Temporal Organization of
... for more than a few days to a week [7]. Cognition becomes impaired [8] and mood labile [6], although large interindividual differences exist [9]. Neuroendocrine changes and microsleeps, with temporary loss of consciousness, occur [6,10]. Selective REM sleep deprivation produces similar behavioral ef ...
... for more than a few days to a week [7]. Cognition becomes impaired [8] and mood labile [6], although large interindividual differences exist [9]. Neuroendocrine changes and microsleeps, with temporary loss of consciousness, occur [6,10]. Selective REM sleep deprivation produces similar behavioral ef ...
State transitions between wake and sleep, and within the
... the process of falling asleep is more one of withdrawal from the waking state rather than of invasion of the sleeping state. These initial studies, however, are limited in that they consider only the beta and delta constituents of the EEG signal. Moreover, the delta band limits adopted in these and ...
... the process of falling asleep is more one of withdrawal from the waking state rather than of invasion of the sleeping state. These initial studies, however, are limited in that they consider only the beta and delta constituents of the EEG signal. Moreover, the delta band limits adopted in these and ...
Same Spinal Interneurons Mediate Reflex Actions of Group Ib and
... neurons in the cat (Floeter et al. 1993; Gossard et al. 1996; Grillner and Lund 1968; Grillner et al. 1971; Takakusaki et al. 1989) show that these actions involve both excitatory and inhibitory premotor neurons and initiation of different forms of locomotion from different parts of the brain stem b ...
... neurons in the cat (Floeter et al. 1993; Gossard et al. 1996; Grillner and Lund 1968; Grillner et al. 1971; Takakusaki et al. 1989) show that these actions involve both excitatory and inhibitory premotor neurons and initiation of different forms of locomotion from different parts of the brain stem b ...
D27 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... N.B. melatonin secretion is not dependent upon sleep, persisting in individuals kept awake at night. melatonin has phase-shifting properties opposite to bright light effects: melatonin administered in afternoon produces phase advances, whereas melatonin given in morning produces phase delays. ...
... N.B. melatonin secretion is not dependent upon sleep, persisting in individuals kept awake at night. melatonin has phase-shifting properties opposite to bright light effects: melatonin administered in afternoon produces phase advances, whereas melatonin given in morning produces phase delays. ...
Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal
... situation (Ji & Maren, 2007; Rudy, Huff, & Matus-Amat, 2004). In this model, a neutral stimulus (e.g., a new context) acquires aversive properties after association with a biologically relevant stimulus, such as a footshock. The repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of ave ...
... situation (Ji & Maren, 2007; Rudy, Huff, & Matus-Amat, 2004). In this model, a neutral stimulus (e.g., a new context) acquires aversive properties after association with a biologically relevant stimulus, such as a footshock. The repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of ave ...
rem sleep - Website Staff UI
... • Jouvet suggested that these neurons normally inhibit phasic REM events and that their silence during REM sleep indicates a termination of this inhibition. • Another population of brain cells that may be involved in the induction or maintenance of REM sleep secretes acetylcholine. • Hobson et al fo ...
... • Jouvet suggested that these neurons normally inhibit phasic REM events and that their silence during REM sleep indicates a termination of this inhibition. • Another population of brain cells that may be involved in the induction or maintenance of REM sleep secretes acetylcholine. • Hobson et al fo ...
Neuroscience of Sleep - University of Ilorin
... • Jouvet suggested that these neurons normally inhibit phasic REM events and that their silence during REM sleep indicates a termination of this inhibition. • Another population of brain cells that may be involved in the induction or maintenance of REM sleep secretes acetylcholine. • Hobson et al fo ...
... • Jouvet suggested that these neurons normally inhibit phasic REM events and that their silence during REM sleep indicates a termination of this inhibition. • Another population of brain cells that may be involved in the induction or maintenance of REM sleep secretes acetylcholine. • Hobson et al fo ...
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 4th ed. Lilley
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 4th ed. Lilley/Harrington
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
General and Local Anesthetics
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
... Side/Adverse Effects • Usually limited • Adverse effects result if: – Inadvertent intravascular injection occurs – Excessive dose or rate of injection is given – Slow metabolic breakdown – Injection into a highly vascular tissue ...
Tilburg University Crying, catharsis, and health
... Crying and Catharsis 5 to this theory, two phases occur in adult crying, emotional arousal and recovery. Crying occurs when a period of either positive or negative arousal is followed by a shift to recovery. Only during this second phase, while tension decreases, will tears flow. In this view, tear ...
... Crying and Catharsis 5 to this theory, two phases occur in adult crying, emotional arousal and recovery. Crying occurs when a period of either positive or negative arousal is followed by a shift to recovery. Only during this second phase, while tension decreases, will tears flow. In this view, tear ...
A role for sleep in brain plasticity
... [3], tissue restoration [4] and immune defence [5]. Another hypothesis has focused much attention for the last years and proposes that sleep might participate in brain plasticity [6]. The latter refers to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
... [3], tissue restoration [4] and immune defence [5]. Another hypothesis has focused much attention for the last years and proposes that sleep might participate in brain plasticity [6]. The latter refers to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... The insula has been identified in several neuroimaging studies of fear conditioning using a variety of different parameters (Buchel et al., 1998; Gottfried & Dolan, 2004; Phelps et al., 2004). It has been proposed that the insular cortex transmits a representation of fear to the amygdala (Phelps, O’ ...
... The insula has been identified in several neuroimaging studies of fear conditioning using a variety of different parameters (Buchel et al., 1998; Gottfried & Dolan, 2004; Phelps et al., 2004). It has been proposed that the insular cortex transmits a representation of fear to the amygdala (Phelps, O’ ...
DOPAMINERGIC AUGMENTATION of HUMAN FEAR EXTINCTION
... Everybody experienced emotional states of fear during their lifetime and no one has enjoyed this situation. Nevertheless, fear is an essential part of our emotional sensations (e.g. Öhman et al. 2004) and has crucial influence on our behaviour and thinking in our “emotional brain” (e.g. LeDoux 1998) ...
... Everybody experienced emotional states of fear during their lifetime and no one has enjoyed this situation. Nevertheless, fear is an essential part of our emotional sensations (e.g. Öhman et al. 2004) and has crucial influence on our behaviour and thinking in our “emotional brain” (e.g. LeDoux 1998) ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... can be rapidly applied to zebrafish simply by immersing the fish in drug-containing water, which greatly simplifies pharmacological manipulation (Goldsmith, 2004). Undoubtedly one of the most attractive properties of the zebrafish as a model vertebrate organism for the study of behavior, however, is ...
... can be rapidly applied to zebrafish simply by immersing the fish in drug-containing water, which greatly simplifies pharmacological manipulation (Goldsmith, 2004). Undoubtedly one of the most attractive properties of the zebrafish as a model vertebrate organism for the study of behavior, however, is ...
The Study of Brain Activity in Sleep
... After deepening through stages N2 to N3, NREM sleep lightens and returns to stage N2, after which the sleeper enters REM sleep (“paradoxical sleep”: the EEG trace is “similar” to the activated EEG of waking or of stage N1). The EEG is characterized by low-voltage fast-activity, often with increased ...
... After deepening through stages N2 to N3, NREM sleep lightens and returns to stage N2, after which the sleeper enters REM sleep (“paradoxical sleep”: the EEG trace is “similar” to the activated EEG of waking or of stage N1). The EEG is characterized by low-voltage fast-activity, often with increased ...
Signal processing methods in Sleep Research
... Slow wave sleep predominates in the first third of the night and is linked to the initiation of sleep. REM sleep predominates in the last 3rd of the night. Wakefulness in sleep usually accounts for less than 5% of the night. N1 generally constitutes 2 to 5% of sleep. N2 generally constitutes 45 to 5 ...
... Slow wave sleep predominates in the first third of the night and is linked to the initiation of sleep. REM sleep predominates in the last 3rd of the night. Wakefulness in sleep usually accounts for less than 5% of the night. N1 generally constitutes 2 to 5% of sleep. N2 generally constitutes 45 to 5 ...
First-in-first-out item replacement in a model of
... A phase-locked mechanism of first-in-first-out replacement of buffered items In the absence of input, the contents of a STM buffer decay gradually, due to noise and a slow-AHP (modeled as a bi-exponential response with Erev = −70 mV, G = 0.01 nS, τrise = τf all = 3000 ms, an alpha function). When a ...
... A phase-locked mechanism of first-in-first-out replacement of buffered items In the absence of input, the contents of a STM buffer decay gradually, due to noise and a slow-AHP (modeled as a bi-exponential response with Erev = −70 mV, G = 0.01 nS, τrise = τf all = 3000 ms, an alpha function). When a ...
Functional Neuroimaging Insights into the Physiology of Human Sleep
... processes arising from brainstem structures and activating the cortex via the thalamus and basal forebrain.33-35 REM sleep is also the sleep stage during which dreams are prominent. The functional brain mapping during REM sleep might therefore also be interpreted in light of dreaming properties.36-3 ...
... processes arising from brainstem structures and activating the cortex via the thalamus and basal forebrain.33-35 REM sleep is also the sleep stage during which dreams are prominent. The functional brain mapping during REM sleep might therefore also be interpreted in light of dreaming properties.36-3 ...
Receptive Fields and Binaural Interactions for Virtual
... al. 1983; see Irvine 1992 for review). However, free-field studies alone cannot determine which acoustic cues are responsible for this directional sensitivity because they do not allow independent control over each cue. Such control can be achieved in dichotic studies that deliver stimuli through cl ...
... al. 1983; see Irvine 1992 for review). However, free-field studies alone cannot determine which acoustic cues are responsible for this directional sensitivity because they do not allow independent control over each cue. Such control can be achieved in dichotic studies that deliver stimuli through cl ...
The Wick in the Candle of Learning
... finding led to a behavioral study, which showed that subjects spent more scarce resources (either limited tokens or waiting time) to find out answers when they were more curious. The functional imaging also showed that curiosity increased activity in memory areas when subjects guessed incorrectly, w ...
... finding led to a behavioral study, which showed that subjects spent more scarce resources (either limited tokens or waiting time) to find out answers when they were more curious. The functional imaging also showed that curiosity increased activity in memory areas when subjects guessed incorrectly, w ...