How Do We Know That We Know? The Accessibility Model
... that is assumed to underlie the experience of familiarity. According to this position, the subjective experience of remembering is not simply a product of a memory trace but instead relies on an inference. The cues for that inference are to be found in "aspects of one's own thoughts and behavior, su ...
... that is assumed to underlie the experience of familiarity. According to this position, the subjective experience of remembering is not simply a product of a memory trace but instead relies on an inference. The cues for that inference are to be found in "aspects of one's own thoughts and behavior, su ...
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
... extinction was carried out over many days with few trials per day, it was not possible to distinguish impairments in acquisition vs consolidation. When a massed extinction training design was used, it was observed that systemic NMDAr blockade (with CPP, (±)-3-(2-carboxypiperazin4-yl)-propyl-1-phosph ...
... extinction was carried out over many days with few trials per day, it was not possible to distinguish impairments in acquisition vs consolidation. When a massed extinction training design was used, it was observed that systemic NMDAr blockade (with CPP, (±)-3-(2-carboxypiperazin4-yl)-propyl-1-phosph ...
The amygdala: securing pleasure and avoiding pain
... and O’Doherty, 2012), from which actions can be selected for specific motivated behaviors (for example, food-seeking or mateseeking behaviors). The amygdala allows pavlovian CSs to influence the selection of actions within the behavioral repertoire; so, for instance, in the presence of a receptive f ...
... and O’Doherty, 2012), from which actions can be selected for specific motivated behaviors (for example, food-seeking or mateseeking behaviors). The amygdala allows pavlovian CSs to influence the selection of actions within the behavioral repertoire; so, for instance, in the presence of a receptive f ...
Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal
... Noradrenergic system Beta-adrenoceptor Beta-blocker Contextual fear Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Extinction ...
... Noradrenergic system Beta-adrenoceptor Beta-blocker Contextual fear Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Extinction ...
The unified theory of repression
... some experimental data that bear on this controversial assumption. Even before the creation of psychoanalysis, while he was still tinkering with hypnotherapy and catharsis, Freud already espoused the notion of defensive repression (though “repression” was not the first term he used), hewing to a mod ...
... some experimental data that bear on this controversial assumption. Even before the creation of psychoanalysis, while he was still tinkering with hypnotherapy and catharsis, Freud already espoused the notion of defensive repression (though “repression” was not the first term he used), hewing to a mod ...
do simultaneously presented visual and auditory
... comprehend the information and store memories effectively when auditory and visual information are presented simultaneously while watching TV, the consequences may not be serious. However, if we are exposed to multiple stimuli (information) in different modalities while attending important meetings, ...
... comprehend the information and store memories effectively when auditory and visual information are presented simultaneously while watching TV, the consequences may not be serious. However, if we are exposed to multiple stimuli (information) in different modalities while attending important meetings, ...
DOPAMINERGIC AUGMENTATION of HUMAN FEAR EXTINCTION
... emotion that is good for us and protects ourselves from dangerous situations. Moreover, the feeling of fear seems to be a source of information and motivation that helps us reflect upon threatening situations and our own behaviour and to develop successful coping strategies (Epstein 1972). Even from ...
... emotion that is good for us and protects ourselves from dangerous situations. Moreover, the feeling of fear seems to be a source of information and motivation that helps us reflect upon threatening situations and our own behaviour and to develop successful coping strategies (Epstein 1972). Even from ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... et al., 2006, 2007). Stress before extinction learning also reduced UCS expectancy at the first trial of fear extinction and recall in men (Bentz et al., 2013). Similarly, beneficial effects of cortisol administration prior to exposure therapy on the reduction of pathological fear have been reported ...
... et al., 2006, 2007). Stress before extinction learning also reduced UCS expectancy at the first trial of fear extinction and recall in men (Bentz et al., 2013). Similarly, beneficial effects of cortisol administration prior to exposure therapy on the reduction of pathological fear have been reported ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... et al., 2006, 2007). Stress before extinction learning also reduced UCS expectancy at the first trial of fear extinction and recall in men (Bentz et al., 2013). Similarly, beneficial effects of cortisol administration prior to exposure therapy on the reduction of pathological fear have been reported ...
... et al., 2006, 2007). Stress before extinction learning also reduced UCS expectancy at the first trial of fear extinction and recall in men (Bentz et al., 2013). Similarly, beneficial effects of cortisol administration prior to exposure therapy on the reduction of pathological fear have been reported ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... amygdala is also an important structure involved in fear learning. The CeA is the primary output structure of the amygdala (Veening, Swanson, & Sawchenko, 1984) and projections from the BLA to the CeA are important for the expression of fear behavior. The CeA then projects to several brain regions i ...
... amygdala is also an important structure involved in fear learning. The CeA is the primary output structure of the amygdala (Veening, Swanson, & Sawchenko, 1984) and projections from the BLA to the CeA are important for the expression of fear behavior. The CeA then projects to several brain regions i ...
Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of
... correlated neural activity between voxels to make inferences about the functional organization of the brain (Biswal et al, 2010). Conveniently, these data can be acquired at rest, unbiased from task demands. The resting-state approach characterizes synchronous patterns of blood-oxygen level dependen ...
... correlated neural activity between voxels to make inferences about the functional organization of the brain (Biswal et al, 2010). Conveniently, these data can be acquired at rest, unbiased from task demands. The resting-state approach characterizes synchronous patterns of blood-oxygen level dependen ...
Memory
... • Comparison with Piaget’s Theory—Like Piaget: – Some information-processing psychologists are constructivist and see children as directing their own cognitive development. – Information-processing psychologists describe ways in which children do and do not understand important concepts at different ...
... • Comparison with Piaget’s Theory—Like Piaget: – Some information-processing psychologists are constructivist and see children as directing their own cognitive development. – Information-processing psychologists describe ways in which children do and do not understand important concepts at different ...
4 - Radboud Repository
... stimuli that are important for the organism. Stimuli such as fearful or angry faces signal potential danger and reliably activate the amygdala (Davis & Whalen, 2001) which in turn initiates the stress-response. In line with its important role in threat detection and emotional response generation, th ...
... stimuli that are important for the organism. Stimuli such as fearful or angry faces signal potential danger and reliably activate the amygdala (Davis & Whalen, 2001) which in turn initiates the stress-response. In line with its important role in threat detection and emotional response generation, th ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... focused largely on its role in fear and in fear conditioning1,2, or in the response to arousing negative events3, mentioning its involvement in positive affect in passing, if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processin ...
... focused largely on its role in fear and in fear conditioning1,2, or in the response to arousing negative events3, mentioning its involvement in positive affect in passing, if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processin ...
the amygdala and reward
... focused largely on its role in fear and in fear conditioning1,2, or in the response to arousing negative events3, mentioning its involvement in positive affect in passing, if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processin ...
... focused largely on its role in fear and in fear conditioning1,2, or in the response to arousing negative events3, mentioning its involvement in positive affect in passing, if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processin ...
IMAGERY PERSPECTIVE AND MEMORY RECALL 1 Accepted for
... When people think back of past events and experiences, they often report to have mental images related to the event. Mental imagery of autobiographical memories can have powerful emotional effects (Holmes & Mathews, 2005; 2010) and influence thoughts and behavior like present situations. Due to the ...
... When people think back of past events and experiences, they often report to have mental images related to the event. Mental imagery of autobiographical memories can have powerful emotional effects (Holmes & Mathews, 2005; 2010) and influence thoughts and behavior like present situations. Due to the ...
Memory, aging and external memory aids
... interpreted as a challenge. To sustain a quality of life for this group and assuring that elderly will keep a position in society a substantial lot of research and scientific inquiry is being allocated to the area of assistive technology for the older population. As much of the existing assistive te ...
... interpreted as a challenge. To sustain a quality of life for this group and assuring that elderly will keep a position in society a substantial lot of research and scientific inquiry is being allocated to the area of assistive technology for the older population. As much of the existing assistive te ...
Creating associative memory distortions
... Memory illusions, which have fascinated researchers for decades, refer to situations in which a person either declares that he or she remembers something that did not really occur or remembers a fact that did occur but in a manner that seriously differs from actually experienced events (Roediger, 19 ...
... Memory illusions, which have fascinated researchers for decades, refer to situations in which a person either declares that he or she remembers something that did not really occur or remembers a fact that did occur but in a manner that seriously differs from actually experienced events (Roediger, 19 ...
Plasticity-related genes in brain development and amygdala
... 2009). The amygdala is a critical component of the circuit mediating Pavlovian fear conditioning (Davis & Whalen 2001; Fanselow & Gale 2003; LeDoux 2007; Maren & Quirk 2004; Pape & Pare 2010). In this paradigm, a motivationally neutral cue (such as a tone or light) is paired with a noxious stimulus ...
... 2009). The amygdala is a critical component of the circuit mediating Pavlovian fear conditioning (Davis & Whalen 2001; Fanselow & Gale 2003; LeDoux 2007; Maren & Quirk 2004; Pape & Pare 2010). In this paradigm, a motivationally neutral cue (such as a tone or light) is paired with a noxious stimulus ...
Orexins and fear: implications for the treatment of - e
... hypothalamic and thalamic nuclei [26]. Reciprocally, orexin neurons receive input from several nuclei of the limbic system [27,28]. Studies in humans have shown that individuals with narcolepsy, a condition associated with a loss of orexin neurons [29], show reduced AMY activity and no increase in f ...
... hypothalamic and thalamic nuclei [26]. Reciprocally, orexin neurons receive input from several nuclei of the limbic system [27,28]. Studies in humans have shown that individuals with narcolepsy, a condition associated with a loss of orexin neurons [29], show reduced AMY activity and no increase in f ...
Title Modulation of Conditioned Fear, Fear
... amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of conditioned-fear, formalin-evoked nociception and fearconditioned analgesia in rats, an ...
... amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of conditioned-fear, formalin-evoked nociception and fearconditioned analgesia in rats, an ...
Author`s personal copy - Sleep, Stress, and Memory Lab
... not bound to the originating context). Third, there are “how to” memories for the various skills, procedures, and habits that we acquire through experience. Because these memories are not so easily made explicit and are usually only evident in behavior, they are referred to as procedural or implicit ...
... not bound to the originating context). Third, there are “how to” memories for the various skills, procedures, and habits that we acquire through experience. Because these memories are not so easily made explicit and are usually only evident in behavior, they are referred to as procedural or implicit ...
Is the Lateral Septum's Inhibitory Influence on the Amygdala Mediated... GABA-ergic Neurons? Mason Austin
... This makes evolutionary sense, given its highly adaptive function, providing the impulse for the fight or flight responses that are necessary to escape predators, avoid natural hazards, and challenge competitors in order to pass on genetic material. As useful as fear may be however, it also comes at ...
... This makes evolutionary sense, given its highly adaptive function, providing the impulse for the fight or flight responses that are necessary to escape predators, avoid natural hazards, and challenge competitors in order to pass on genetic material. As useful as fear may be however, it also comes at ...
Functional anatomy of neural circuits regulating fear and extinction
... population of active cells and PSD-95:Venus localized to synaptodendritic compartment (Figs. 1 and 2). mRNA and proteins encoded by immediate early genes such as c-Fos, Arc, or Homer are widely used as markers of neuronal activation in behavioral studies including studies on fear (16). However, they ...
... population of active cells and PSD-95:Venus localized to synaptodendritic compartment (Figs. 1 and 2). mRNA and proteins encoded by immediate early genes such as c-Fos, Arc, or Homer are widely used as markers of neuronal activation in behavioral studies including studies on fear (16). However, they ...
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...